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Beneficial effects of nigella sativa oil on intestinal damage in necrotizing enterocolitis
(Taylor & Francis, 2012-10) Tayman, Cüneyt; Çekmez, Ferhat; Canpolat, Fuat Emre; Çetinkaya, Merih; Uysal, Sema; Tunç, Turan; Sarıcı, S. Ümit; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0001-8309-0934; AAG-7125-2021; 8450193200
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the beneficial effects of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on rats with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Material and Methods: Thirty newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups as NEC, NEC + NSO, and control. NEC was induced by enteral formula feeding, exposure to hypoxia-hyperoxia and cold stress. Pups in the NEC + NSO group were administered NOS at a dose of 2 ml/kg daily by intraperitoneal route from the first day until the end of the study. Proximal colon and ileum were excised for histopathologic, apoptosis (TUNEL) and biochemical evaluation, including xanthine oxidase (XO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malonaldehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxdase (MPO) activities. Results: Pups in the NEC + NOS group had better clinical sickness scores and weight gain compared to the NEC group (p < 0.05). In the macroscopic assessment, histopathologic and apoptosis evaluation (TUNEL), severity of bowel damage was significantly lower in the NEC + NOS group compared to the NEC group (p < 0.05). Tissue GSH-Px and SOD levels were significantly preserved in the NEC + NSO group (p < 0.05), whereas, tissue MDA, MPO levels of the NEC + NSO group were significantly lower than those in the NEC group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: NSO significantly reduced the severity of intestinal damage in NEC.
CDP-choline reduces severity of intestinal injury in a neonatal rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis
(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2013-07) Çetinkaya, Merih; Çekmez, Ferhat; Canpolat, Fuat Emre; Uysal, Sema; Tunç, Turan; Sarıcı, Serdar Ümit; Cansev, Mehmet; Tayman, Cüneyt; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Tıp Fakültesi; Farmakoloji Ana Bilim Dalı; M-9071-2019; AAG-7125-2021; 8872816100; 12243787300; 8450193200
Background: Cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) is an endogenous intermediate in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine, a contributor to the mucosal defense of the intestine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible cytoprotective effect of CDP-choline treatment on intestinal cell damage, membrane phospholipid content, inflammation, and apoptosis in a neonatal rat model of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Methods: We divided a total of 30 newborn pups into three groups: control, NEC, and NEC + CDP-choline. We induced NEC by enteral formula feeding, exposure to hypoxia-hyperoxia, and cold stress. We administered CDP-choline intraperitoneally at 300 mg/kg/d for 3 d starting from the first day of life. We evaluated apoptosis macroscopically and histopathologically in combination with proinflammatory cytokines in the gut samples. Moreover, we determined membrane phospholipid levels as well as activities of xanthine oxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and myeloperoxidase enzymes and the malondialdehyde content of intestinal tissue. Results: Mean clinical sickness score, macroscopic gut assessment score, and intestinal injury score were significantly improved, whereas mean apoptosis score and caspase-3 levels were significantly reduced in pups in the NEC + CDP-choline group compared with the NEC group. Tissue proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) levels as well as tissue malondialdehyde content and myeloperoxidase activities were reduced, whereas glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were preserved in the NEC + CDP-choline group. In addition, NEC damage reduced intestinal tissue membrane phospholipids, whereas CDP-choline significantly enhanced total phospholipid and phosphatidylcholine levels. Long-term follow-up in additional experiments revealed increased body weight, decreased clinical sickness scores, and enhanced survival in CDP-cholineereceiving versus saline-receiving pups with NEC lesions. Conclusions: Our study reports, for the first time, beneficial effects of CDP-choline treatment on intestinal injury in a neonatal rat model of NEC. Our data suggest that CDP-choline may be used as an effective therapeutic agent to prevent NEC.
The clinical anatomy of the communications between the radial and ulnar nerves on the dorsal surface of the hand
(Springer, 2008-03) Loukas, Marios; Louis, Robert; Wartmann, Christopher; Tubbs, Robert Shane; Kramer, Jessica; Özdemir, Senem Turan; Uludağ Üniversites; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; AAA-8734-2021; 18038353400
Sensations of the dorsal surface of the hand are supplied by the radial and ulnar nerves with the boundary between these two nerves classically being the midline of the fourth digit. Overlap and variations of this division exist and a communicating branch (RUCB) between the radial and ulnar nerves could potentially explain variations in the sensory examination of the dorsal hand. The aim of this study was to examine the origin and distribution of the RUCB thereby providing information that may potentially decrease iatrogenic injury to this connection. We grossly examined 200 formalin-fixed adult human hands. A RUCB was found to be present in 120 hands (60%). Of the specimens with RUCBs, we were able to identify four notable types. Type I (71, 59.1%) originated proximally from the radial nerve and proceeded distally to join the ulnar nerve. Type II (23, 19.1%) originated proximally from the ulnar nerve and proceeded distally to join the radial nerve. Type III (4, 3.3%) traveled perpendicularly between the radial and ulnar nerves so that it was not possible to determine which nerve served as its point of origin. Type IV (18.3%) had multiple RUCBs arising from both the radial and ulnar nerves. With the continual development of new surgical techniques and the ongoing effort to decrease postoperative complications, it is hoped that this study will provide useful information to both anatomists and surgeons.
Comparison of lateral and superior walls of the pituitary fossa with clinical emphasis on pituitary adenoma extension: Cadaveric-anatomic study
(Springer, 2008-01) Kürşat, Erim; Yılmazlar, Selçuk; Aker, Sibel; Aksoy, Kaya; Oygucu, Hakan; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0003-3633-7919; AAH-5070-2021; 7199344935; 6603059483; 12795285000; 6701720577; 23012506600
Pituitary adenomas extend to the suprasellar region via diaphragmal passage and extend to the cavernous sinus via the medial wall (MW). Better understanding of the dynamics of suprasellar and parasellar extension of sellar region pathologies requires microanatomical comparison of diaphragma sellae (DS) and the MW of the cavernous sinus. This study provides the first detailed quantitative assessment between DS and MW of the cavernous sinus. Microanatomical details and histopathological examinations of the DS and MWs of the cavernous sinus were studied in sphenoid block samples obtained from adult cadavers, and the thicknesses of the DS and the MW of the cavernous sinus were measured. Mean thickness of the DS was 216.73±51.26 μm in the center and 367.33±133.66 μm in the periphery. Mean thickness of the lower third of the MW was 161.53±53.86 μm and that of the upper third was 278.46±162.79 μm. Difference between the thicknesses of the upper and lower thirds was significant (P<0.001). When the central thickness of the DS and lower third of the MW were compared, a significant difference was found (P<0.01). Our measurements suggest that when the DS is thick and the stalk opening is complete, the thickness of the lower third of the medial wall could be the major determinant of parasellar extension.
Evaluating the anatomical traits of lip on three-dimensional computed tomography images
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2020-03) Işıklar, Sefa; İlker Mustafa, Kafa; Gökhan, Gökalp; Babacan, Serdar; Tıp Fakültesi; Radyoloji Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0002-2070-5193; 0000-0001-9169-5087; 0000-0002-7410-7738; AAI-2336-2021; AAG-7125-2021; AAK-3779-2021; ABF-7082-2020; 57211618744; 57193335308; 8450193200; 8312505100
Background:Lips and mouth are the most recognizable parts of the lower face. The morphometry of the facial organs is important for the balance of the face. Besides congenital anomalies occur on the lips, some kinds of deformities might be seen because of trauma or carcinoma. In this respect, lips are in the study of plastic surgery, maxillofacial surgery and orthodontics. Lip morphology also takes an important role in forensic facial reconstruction (facial approximation).Materials and Methods:Twenty parameters on the soft tissue and 12 parameters on the hard tissue were measured on three dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) images belonging 50 individuals (25 female, mean age 35.409.97; 25 male, mean age 34.3211.06).Results:Statistical significance was observed on 4 parameters measured at soft tissue and 6 parameters measured in hard tissue. Statistical significance was not seen between the measurements taken bilaterally. Fourteen equations were developed in order to estimate the lip morphometry using the morphometric traits of hard tissue.Conclusion:We hope that the results of current study will be useful at surgery and forensic sciences.
A geometric description of the urinary bladder of Turkish Shepherd dog (Karabas)
(Elsevier, 2005-04) Ezentaş, Rıdvan; Arslan, Kadri; Yıldız, Hüseyin; Yıldız, Bahri; Murathan, Cengizhan; Veteriner Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; Matematik Bölümü; 0000-0002-1440-7050; ABH-3658-2020; AAG-8775-2021; AAA-1366-2021; 6506973222; 6603079141; 35605229000; 7005500759; 6506718146
In this study, a geometric and experimental work of the urinary bladder of a dog is presented. Experimentally, the diameters on the neck (collum vesicae region), the body (corpus vesicae region), the bottom (apex region) and the longitudinal length of the urinary bladder were measured. Geometrically it was shown that the urinary bladder is comparable with a surface of revolution of a planar (profile) curve. On the same regions of the modelled surface the diameters of the horizontal sections have been measured. It was found that the geometric and the experimental values were closely related. Further the Gaussian curvature K at certain points on the same regions of the modelled surface was calculated. The quadratic approximations of the urinary bladder surface was described with the sign of K at those points.
Glutamate and orexin neurons
(Academic Press Elsevier Science, 2012) Litwack, G.; Eyigör, Özhan; Minbay, Zehra; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0001-5757-8450; 0000-0003-3463-7483; ABE-5128-2020; AAG-7125-2021; ABC-1475-2020; 6603109907; 8220935200; 8450193200
Orexin neurons are localized in the lateral hypothalamus and regulate many functions including sleep wake states. Substantial number of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators has been proposed to influence orexinergic system. Glutamate, as the major excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter in the hypothalamus, was shown to mediate orexin neurons in the regulation of wakefulness and feeding. Glutamate is readily present in the Lateral hypothalamus, and glutamate receptors are expressed by the neurons of this region. Glutamate agonists initiate excitatory postsynaptic currents in orexin neurons, and this can be blocked by specific antagonists of the glutamate receptors. It is reported that both NMDA and non-NMDA receptors contribute the glutamatergic neurotransmission which affects orexinergic functions. Glutamatergic axon terminals are demonstrated to make contacts with the orexin neurons, as revealed by the presence of vesicular glutamate transporter proteins in the terminals, and these contacts were ultrastructurally confirmed to establish synapses on orexin neurons. This chapter reviews the literature on the glutamatergic regulation of orexin neurons including the data from our laboratory.
Intraperitoneal administration of CDP-choline or a combination of cytidine plus choline improves nerve regeneration and functional recovery in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury
(Taylor & Francis, 2012-04) Caner, Başak; Ulus, İsmail H.; Kafa, Mustafa İlker; Bekar, Ahmet; Kurt, Mustafa Ayberk; Karlı, Necdet; Cansev, Mehmet; Tıp Fakültesi; Beyin ve Sinir Cerrahisi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0003-3368-8123; AAR-4341-2020; M-9071-2019; AAG-7125-2021; 8786511500; 6603677218; 35603735000; 6506587942; 8872816100
Objective: Topical cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine (CDP-choline) improves functional recovery and promotes nerve regeneration in sciatic nerve injury in rats. The aims of this study were to test whether systemic treatment with CDP-choline was effective in improving the recovery of injured sciatic nerve, and to determine whether the cytidine and/or choline moieties of CDP-choline contribute to its beneficial actions. Methods: Seventy Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a surgical procedure that involved transectioning and immediate surgical repairing of the right sciatic nerve. Rats were assigned to one of five groups and administered intraperitoneally 1 ml/kg of saline ( control) or saline containing 600 mmol/kg of each of CDPcholine, cytidine, choline, or cytidine + choline. Results: Recovery in sciatic function index score was greater in rats treated with CDP-choline, choline, or cytidine + choline at 8 and 12 weeks after the interventions. Peripheral nerve regeneration evaluated by electromyography at 12 weeks was also greater in rats receiving CDP-choline ( 228% of control), choline ( 168% of control), or cytidine + choline ( 221% of control). Axon counts and axon density increased significantly following CDP-choline, choline, or cytidine + choline, respectively. Treatment with equivalent dose of cytidine failed to affect sciatic function index, electromyography, and axon counts. Treatment with CDP-choline, but not its metabolites improved nerve adherence and separability score. Conclusion: These data show that intraperitoneal CDP-choline, as well as the combination of its metabolites, cytidine + choline, improves functional recovery and promotes regeneration of injured sciatic nerves in rats. CDP-choline also improves nerve adherence and separability.
Investigation of morphological and biomechanical properties of the scapula for shoulder joint
(Galenos Publishing House, 2023-09) Cini, Nilgün Tuncel; Sak, Nazan Güner; Babacan, Serdar; Arı, İlknur; ARI, İLKNUR; Sak, Nazan Güner; Tıp Fakültesi; Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0002-7410-7738; ELI-9107-2022; HNN-1671-2023
Objective: The glenopolar angle is a helpful criterion for recommending operative treatment. This study aims to determine the morphometric features of the scapula and provide essential information that supplies scapular biomechanics to produce a formula.Methods: The study was carried out on 34 dry scapulae in the laboratory of the Anatomy Department of the Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University. We used calipers for the linear measurements and the ImageJ program for the area and angle parameters. A total of 23 parameters were evaluated in the study. Statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS 22.0 software. Results: According to the results of the correlation analysis, the highest correlation value of (R=0.957) was found to be the distance between the superior angle (angulus superior)-top of the glenoid plane and the inferior angle (angulus inferior)-the top of the glenoid plane. To estimate the glenopolar angle, we applied linear regression analysis and developed the following formula: Glenopolar angle =115.589 - (6.401 x the distance between the coracoid process and the top of the glenoid cavity) - (0.368 x angle between the glenoid plane and the lateral edge of the scapula extending towards the endpoint of the glenoid plane) (Adjusted R2=0.667).Conclusions: Glenopolar angle can provide information about the fracture risk of the glenoid cavity and allows orthopedic surgeons to make quick decisions about the risk in the region. We believe that the study will provide a different perspective on designing different products in industrial designs for shoulder joints, especially in implantations.
Neuroprotective effects of melatonin administered alone or in combination with topiramate in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic rat model
(IOS Press, 2012) Özyener, Fadıl; Çetinkaya, Merih; Alkan, Tülin; Gören, Bülent; Kafa, İlker Mustafa; Kurt, Mustafa Ayberk; Köksal, Nilgün; Tıp Fakültesi; Pediatri Ana Bilim Dalı; Neonatoloji Bölümü; 0000-0002-4606-6596; 0000-0003-3368-8123; AAH-1792-2021; AAH-1718-2021; AAG-8393-2021; AAH-1641-2021; AAG-7125-2021; AAR-4341-2020; 6506242143; 23994946300; 6601953747; 6602543716; 8450193200; 35603735000; 7003323615
Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of two neuroprotective agents; melatonin, a free radical scavenger and topiramate, AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist, administered alone or in combination in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic model. Methods: After being anesthetized, 7-day-old pups underwent ischemia followed by exposure to hypoxia. The pups were divided into 4 groups in order to receive the vehicle, melatonin, topiramate and combination of topiramate and melatonin. These were administered intraperitoneally for three times; the first before ischemia, the second after hypoxia and the third 24 hours after the second dose. After sacrification, infarct volume and apoptosis were evaluated. Results: Percent infarcted brain volume was significantly reduced in rats which received drugs compared with those which received the vehicle. The number of TUNEL positive cells per unit area in hippocampus and cortex were markedly reduced in drug treated groups compared with control group. No significant differences were found regarding percent infarcted brain volume and number of TUNEL positive cells among drug-treated groups. Conclusions: Melatonin and topiramate, administered either alone or in combination significantly reduced the percent infarcted brain volume and number of TUNEL positive cells suggesting that these agents may confer benefit in treatment of infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
Protective effects of valproic acid, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, against hyperoxic lung injury in a neonatal rat model
(Public Library Science, 2015-05-04) Cetinkaya, Merih; Cekmez, Ferhat; Tayman, Cuneyt; Canpolat, Fuat Emre; Kramer, Boris W.; Sarici, Serdar Umit; Cansev, Mehmet; Kafa, Ilker Mustafa; Yaylagul, Esra Orenlili; Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi; Biyoloji Bölümü; 0000-0003-2918-5064; 0000-0001-8309-0934; 0000-0002-5206-1185; M-9071-2019; AAG-7125-2021; ABH-4915-2020; 8872816100; 8450193200; 55618956600
Objective: Histone acetylation and deacetylation may play a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung diseases. We evaluated the preventive effect of valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, on neonatal hyperoxic lung injury. Methods: Forty newborn rat pups were randomized in normoxia, normoxia+VPA, hyperoxia and hyperoxia+VPA groups. Pups in the normoxia and normoxia+VPA groups were kept in room air and received daily saline and VPA (30 mg/kg) injections, respectively, while those in hyperoxia and hyperoxia+VPA groups were exposed to 95% O2 and received daily saline and VPA (30 mg/kg) injections for 10 days, respectively. Growth, histopathological, biochemical and molecular biological indicators of lung injury, apoptosis, inflammation, fibrosis and histone acetylation were evaluated. Results: VPA treatment during hyperoxia significantly improved weight gain, histopathologic grade, radial alveolar count and lamellar body membrane protein expression, while it decreased number of TUNEL(+) cells and active Caspase-3 expression. Expressions of TGFβ3 and phospho-SMAD2 proteins and levels of tissue proinflammatory cytokines as well as lipid peroxidation biomarkers were reduced, while anti-oxidative enzyme activities were enhanced by VPA treatment. VPA administration also reduced HDAC activity while increasing acetylated H3 and H4 protein expressions. Conclusions: The present study shows for the first time that VPA treatment ameliorates lung damage in a neonatal rat model of hyperoxic lung injury. The preventive effect of VPA involves HDAC inhibition.
The role of centrally injected nesfatin-1 on cardiovascular regulation in normotensive and hypotensive rats
(Elsevier, 2015-12) Yılmaz, Mustafa Sertaç; Altınbaş, Burçin; Güvenç, Gökçen; Erkan, Leman Gizem; Avşar, Özge; Savcı, Vahide; Küçükşen, Duygu Udum; Arıcan, İlker; Yalçın, Murat; Tıp Fakültesi; Biyokimya Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0001-9496-1475; 0000-0002-9534-736X; 0000-0002-1413-3651; 0000-0001-7052-1694; 0000-0001-6342-0094; 0000-0002-5600-8162; AAH-1571-2021; AAR-6815-2021; AAH-5167-2021; AAG-7518-2021; AAG-6956-2021; 8895544100; 55356919300; 56529426800; 56529371200; 56764150800; 6603687024; 56764576200; 14055524200; 57192959734
This study investigated the cardiovascular effects of nesfatin-1 in normotensive rats and animals subjected to hypotensive hemorrhage. Hemorrhagic hypotension was induced by withdrawal 2 mL blood/100 g body weight over a period of 10 min. Acute hemorrhage led to a severe and long-lasting decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR). Intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) administered nesfatin-1 (100 pmol) increased MAP in both normotensive and hemorrhaged rats. Nesfatin-1 also caused bradycardia in normotensive and tachycardia in hemorrhaged rats. Centrally injected nesfatin-1 (100 pmol, i.c.v.) also increased plasma catecholamine, vasopressin and renin concentrations in control animals and potentiated the rise in all three cardiovascular mediators produced by hemorrhage. These findings indicate that centrally administered nesfatin-1 causes a pressor response in conscious normotensive and hemorrhaged rats and suggest that enhanced sympathetic activity and elevated vasopressin and renin concentrations mediate the cardiovascular effects of the peptide.
Statistical shape analysis of nose in Turkish young adults
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007-01) Ercan, İlker; Etoz, Abdullah; Güney, İbrahim; Ocakoğlu, Gökhan; Turan, Özdemir Senem; Kan, İsmet; Kahveci, Ramazan; Tıp Fakültesi; Biyoistatistik Ana Bilim Dalı; 0000-0001-8290-6532; 0000-0001-8290-6532; 0000-0002-2382-290X; ABF-8301-2020; AAH-5180-2021; AAG-4626-2019; AAA-8734-2021; A-6325-2013; 6603789069; 6602256586; 36912189400; 15832295800; 18038353400; 15032979000; 6602079953
There are several anthropometric studies regarding the nose, however none of them involves data about a statistical shape analysis. In this study, a landmark-based geometric morphometric technique was used to analyze the nasal shapes in a young Turkish adult population. A population of 75 female and 75 male volunteer Turkish young adults whose ages ranged 18 39 years (24.82 +/- 5.64 year) was examined. The stratified sampling method was used to determine the subjects according to the seven main geographic regions of Turkey. All data was obtained from standardized digital photographic images taken from anterior, lateral and inferior aspects by using standard anthropometric measurement methods. Euclidean Distance Matrix Analysis (EDMA) is used to calculate all possible linear distances among landmarks by creating matrixes for each subject. Today, the anthropometric methods and surgical practice intersected at a point to treat the congenital or post-traumatic facial disfigurements in various racial or ethnic groups. Rhinoplasty surgeons require access to facial databases based on accurate anthropometric measurements to perform optimum correction in both sexes. There should be some points brought to mind during the cosmetic nasal surgery for men because of different expectations, which is not technically different from the one for women. This study is a way to clarify these important points and a basis for further clinical studies enhancing the plans of the corrective surgery.

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