Yaşlılarda dua ve tevbenin ölüm korkusuna etkisi (huzurevleri örneği)
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Date
2023-12-08
Authors
Akbaş, Seval
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu araştırmada, huzurevinde yaşayan yaşlı bireylere uygulanmak üzere geliştirilen duave tevbe ile ilgili dinî ve manevi metinlerle yapılandırılmış bibliyoterapi programının;bireylerin dua, tevbe ve ölüm ile ilgili tutum, davranış, duygu ve düşünceleri üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme yöntemi kullanılmış, bibliyoterapi uygulamasından önce ve sonra katılımcılarla görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Araştırma grubunu; yaşları 60-87 aralığında olan, huzurevinde kalan, 11 yaşlı birey oluşturmaktadır. Ön görüşmeden sonra katılımcıların bir kısmıyla bireysel bir kısmıyla da grup oturumu olacak şekilde, haftada iki kere olmak üzere 6 oturum süren dinî ve manevi yönelimli bibliyoterapi uygulaması yapılmıştır. Bunun sonucundaki değişimin tespiti için son yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmenin yanında katılımcı gözlem yöntemi de kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda dinî ve manevi yönelimli bibliyoterapi programının, huzurevindeki yaşlı bireylerden oluşan katılımcıların yedisinde; dua ve tevbe tutum ve davranışlarının samimiyet ve sıklığında artış, dua ve tevbeleri artırma ile ilgili ileriye dönük isteklerinin oluşması, günah ve tevbe konusunda hassasiyet geliştirme gibi pozitif yönde değişimler oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu katılımcılardan altısının bibliyoterapi oturumlarından sonra ölüm korkularının da hafiflediği tespit edilmiştir. Dua ve tevbe ile ilgili tutum ve davranışlarında pozitif yönde değişim olan katılımcılardan birinin ise ölüm korkusu olmadığı fakat bibliyoterapi oturumlarından sonra ölüme daha olumlu ve geliştirici bir şekilde baktığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Katılımcılardan birinin ise dua ve tevbe etmeme, dua ve tevbenin kendisine faydası olmadığını düşünme gibi tutum ve davranışlarının bibliyoterapi oturumları sonrasında netleştiği, katılımcının bu konudaki kararlılığının arttığı belirlenmiştir. Bu durumun ise katılımcının ölüm korkusunda yüksek düzeyde bir artış yaşamasına neden olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir. Katılımcılardan üçünün ise dua, tevbe ve ölümle ilgili tutum, davranış, duygu ve düşüncelerinde herhangi bir değişiklik olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu katılımcıların dua ve tevbe etme düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu, birinde düşük düzeyde kabir hayatıkorkusu olmakla birlikte diğer ikisinde herhangi bir temada ölüm korkusu olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların hepsinin yapılan görüşme ve bibliyoterapi oturumlarından memnun olduklarını ve bunların kendilerini rahatlattığını ifade etmeleri, dinî ve manevi metinlerle yapılandırılmış bibliyoterapi oturumlarının bireyler üzerinde olumlu etkilerde bulunduğu sonucunu desteklemiştir. Bu durum ayrıca huzurevindeki yaşlı bireylerin dinî-manevi ve ölümle ilgili konularda konuşmaktan rahatsız olmadıklarını, buna ihtiyaç duyduklarını göstermektedir.
In this research, a bibliotherapy program structured with religious and spiritual texts about prayer and repentance developed to be applied to elderly individuals living in nursing homes; Its impact on individuals' attitudes, behaviors, feelings and thoughts regarding prayer, repentance and death was examined. The semi-structured interview method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the research, and interviews were held with the participants before and after the bibliotherapy application. The research group consisted of 11 elderly individuals aged between 60-87, living in a nursing home. After the preliminary meeting, a religious and spiritually oriented bibliotherapy application was carried out in 6 sessions, twice a week, with some of the participants as individuals and some as group sessions. A final semi-structured interview was conducted to determine the resulting change. In addition to semi-structured interview, participant observation method was also used as a data collection tool in the research. As a result of the research, religious and spiritually oriented bibliotherapy program was implemented in seven of the participants, who were elderly individuals in the nursing home; It has been determined that it creates positive changes such as an increase in the sincerity and frequency of prayer and repentance attitudes and behaviors, the formation of forward-looking desires to increase prayers and repentance, and the development of sensitivity about sin and repentance. It was determined that six of these participants had their fear of death alleviated after the bibliotherapy sessions. It was found that one of the participants who had a positive change in their attitudes and behaviors regarding prayer and repentance had no fear of death, but had a more positive and developmental view of death after the bibliotherapy sessions. It was determined that the attitudes and behaviors of one of the participants, such as not praying and repenting and thinking that prayer and repentance were not beneficial for her, became clearer after the bibliotherapy sessions, and the determination of the participant on this issue increased. It was concluded that this situation caused the participant to experience a high level of increase in fear of death. It was concluded that three of the participants had no change in their attitudes, behaviors, feelings and thoughts about prayer, repentance and death. It was determined that these participants had high levels of prayer and repentance, one of them had a low level of fear of grave life, and the other two had no fear of death in any theme. The fact that all of the participants stated that they were satisfied with the interviews and bibliotherapy sessions and that these sessions relaxed them supported the conclusion that bibliotherapy sessions structured with religious and spiritual texts had positive effects on individuals. This situation also shows that elderly individuals in nursing homes are not uncomfortable talking about religious-spiritual and death-related issues, and that they need it.
In this research, a bibliotherapy program structured with religious and spiritual texts about prayer and repentance developed to be applied to elderly individuals living in nursing homes; Its impact on individuals' attitudes, behaviors, feelings and thoughts regarding prayer, repentance and death was examined. The semi-structured interview method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the research, and interviews were held with the participants before and after the bibliotherapy application. The research group consisted of 11 elderly individuals aged between 60-87, living in a nursing home. After the preliminary meeting, a religious and spiritually oriented bibliotherapy application was carried out in 6 sessions, twice a week, with some of the participants as individuals and some as group sessions. A final semi-structured interview was conducted to determine the resulting change. In addition to semi-structured interview, participant observation method was also used as a data collection tool in the research. As a result of the research, religious and spiritually oriented bibliotherapy program was implemented in seven of the participants, who were elderly individuals in the nursing home; It has been determined that it creates positive changes such as an increase in the sincerity and frequency of prayer and repentance attitudes and behaviors, the formation of forward-looking desires to increase prayers and repentance, and the development of sensitivity about sin and repentance. It was determined that six of these participants had their fear of death alleviated after the bibliotherapy sessions. It was found that one of the participants who had a positive change in their attitudes and behaviors regarding prayer and repentance had no fear of death, but had a more positive and developmental view of death after the bibliotherapy sessions. It was determined that the attitudes and behaviors of one of the participants, such as not praying and repenting and thinking that prayer and repentance were not beneficial for her, became clearer after the bibliotherapy sessions, and the determination of the participant on this issue increased. It was concluded that this situation caused the participant to experience a high level of increase in fear of death. It was concluded that three of the participants had no change in their attitudes, behaviors, feelings and thoughts about prayer, repentance and death. It was determined that these participants had high levels of prayer and repentance, one of them had a low level of fear of grave life, and the other two had no fear of death in any theme. The fact that all of the participants stated that they were satisfied with the interviews and bibliotherapy sessions and that these sessions relaxed them supported the conclusion that bibliotherapy sessions structured with religious and spiritual texts had positive effects on individuals. This situation also shows that elderly individuals in nursing homes are not uncomfortable talking about religious-spiritual and death-related issues, and that they need it.
Description
Keywords
Manevi danışmanlık, Bibliyoterapi, Tevbe, Dua, Ölüm korkusu, Yaşlılık, Huzurevi, Spiritual counseling, Bibliotherapy, Repentance, Prayer, Fear of death, Old age, Nursing home
Citation
Akbaş, S. (2023). Yaşlılarda dua ve tevbenin ölüm korkusuna etkisi (huzurevleri örneği). Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.