Kadın mimarların kariyer engellerinin incelenmesi
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Date
2021-06-21
Authors
Aydın, Mevlüde
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Tarihsel süreçte kadın mimarların mimarlık mesleğinde aktif rol almaları uzun süreler içerisinde gerçekleşmiştir. Günümüzde ise mimarlık eğitimine kadın öğrencilerin talebinin arttığı izlenmektedir. Bununla birlikte mimarlık okullarından mezun olan erkek ve kadın mimarlar karma bir yapıya ulaşmıştır. Ancak mimarlık okullarından mezun olan kadın mimarların sayısı ile inşaat sektöründe görünen kadın mimarların sayısı doğru orantılı bir şekilde ilerlememektedir. Bu durumu literatürde inşaat sektörünün erkek egemen yapısı ile ilişkilendirmek mümkündür. Diğer yandan kadın mimarların kariyer süreçlerine ara verdikleri, kariyerlerini terk ettikleri ya da kariyer süreçlerinde bir dizi engelle karşılaştıkları belirtilmektedir. Bu bağlamda tez çalışması kadın mimarların karşılaştıkları kariyer engellerini açığa çıkarmak ve kadın mimarların kariyer engellerinin farklı kariyer evrelerine göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını anlamak üzere yapılmıştır. Çalışmada kadın mimarlara uygulanmak üzere online anket çalışması hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemi erken, orta ve geç kariyer evresinde bulunan, inşaat sektörünün içerisinde maket, ihale dosyası hazırlama, keşif/metraj, sunum dosyası hazırlama, 3 boyut görselleştirme, konsept proje, proje yöneticisi, proje takibi, tasarım, uygulama projesi alanlarında yer alan 268 kadın mimardan oluşmaktadır. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda kadın mimarların kariyer evrelerinin tamamında kariyer engellerinden ücret eşitsizlikleri, esnek olmayan çalışma saatleri, erkek egemen yapı, cinsiyetçi tutumlar, cam tavanlar ve aile-kariyer dengesi kuramama ile karşılaştığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Kariyer engellerinin farklı kariyer evrelerine bağlı olarak farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını anlamak üzere gerçekleştirilen hipotez testlerine göre ise yalnız cam tavan ve cinsiyetçi tutumların kariyer evrelerine göre farklılık gösterdiği anlaşılmıştır. Kadın mimarların kariyer süreçlerinde karşılaştıkları engellerin ortadan kalkması için ortaklaşa hareket önemli görülmektedir. Alınacak her önlemin kalıcı olması ve devamlılığının sağlanabilmesi için eğitim kurumlarında fırsat eşitliğine yönelik mesleki bilgilendirmelerin yapılması ve alınan önlemlerin denetlenmesi önemlidir.
In the historical process, the active role of female architects in the architectural profession has taken place over a long period of time. Today, it is observed that the demand of female students for architectural education has increased. However, male and female architects who graduated from architecture schools have reached a mixed structure. However, the number of female architects who graduated from architecture schools and the number of female architects appearing in the construction sector do not progress in direct proportion. It is possible to associate this situation with the male dominated structure of the construction industry in the literature. On the other hand, it is stated that women architects interrupt their career processes, abandon their careers or face a series of obstacles in their career processes. In this context, the thesis study was conducted to reveal the career barriers faced by women architects and to understand whether the career barriers of women architects differ according to different career stages. In the study, an online survey was prepared to be applied to women architects. The sample of the study consists of 268 women, who are in the early, middle and late career stages, and who are involved in the fields of in the construction sector tender file preparation, exploration/quantity, presentation file preparation, 3D visualization, concept project, project manager, project follow-up, design, application project consists of architects. As a result of the research, it was revealed that women architects faced career obstacles such as wage inequalities, inflexible working hours, male-dominated structure, sexist attitudes, glass ceilings and inability to establish family-career balance in all career stages. According to the results of the hypothesis test conducted to understand whether career barriers differ depending on different career stages, it was understood that only glass ceiling and sexist attitudes differ according to career stages. Accordingly, as women architects progress in their career stages, the obstacles to glass ceilings and sexist attitudes increase. In order to ensure that every precaution to be taken is permanent and to ensure its continuity, it is important to provide vocational information on equal opportunities in educational institutions and to supervise the measures taken.
In the historical process, the active role of female architects in the architectural profession has taken place over a long period of time. Today, it is observed that the demand of female students for architectural education has increased. However, male and female architects who graduated from architecture schools have reached a mixed structure. However, the number of female architects who graduated from architecture schools and the number of female architects appearing in the construction sector do not progress in direct proportion. It is possible to associate this situation with the male dominated structure of the construction industry in the literature. On the other hand, it is stated that women architects interrupt their career processes, abandon their careers or face a series of obstacles in their career processes. In this context, the thesis study was conducted to reveal the career barriers faced by women architects and to understand whether the career barriers of women architects differ according to different career stages. In the study, an online survey was prepared to be applied to women architects. The sample of the study consists of 268 women, who are in the early, middle and late career stages, and who are involved in the fields of in the construction sector tender file preparation, exploration/quantity, presentation file preparation, 3D visualization, concept project, project manager, project follow-up, design, application project consists of architects. As a result of the research, it was revealed that women architects faced career obstacles such as wage inequalities, inflexible working hours, male-dominated structure, sexist attitudes, glass ceilings and inability to establish family-career balance in all career stages. According to the results of the hypothesis test conducted to understand whether career barriers differ depending on different career stages, it was understood that only glass ceiling and sexist attitudes differ according to career stages. Accordingly, as women architects progress in their career stages, the obstacles to glass ceilings and sexist attitudes increase. In order to ensure that every precaution to be taken is permanent and to ensure its continuity, it is important to provide vocational information on equal opportunities in educational institutions and to supervise the measures taken.
Description
Keywords
Kadın mimarlar, Kariyer engelleri, Kariyer evreleri, İnşaat sektörünün erkek egemen yapısı, Women architects, Career barriers, Career stages, Male-dominated structure of the construction industry
Citation
Aydın, M. (2021). Kadın mimarların kariyer engellerinin incelenmesi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.