Should we hesitate to perform laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromacytomas larger than 5 cm in diameter with no pre-operative suspicious criteria for malignancy?

Abstract

Objectives: We aimed to compare the outcomes of patients who underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) for pheochromacy- toma (PHE) >= 5cm versus <5 cm in diameter.Methods: Demographic variables, tumor characteristics, perioperative, and post-operative outcomes were evaluated retrospec- tively and compared between groups.Results: Between February 2008 and August 2020, 54 patients (27 female and 27 male) enrolled to the study and divided into two groups according to the tumor size as group L >= 5cm (28 patients) and group S as <5 cm (26 patients). Groups compared in the aspect of American Society of Anesthesiologists scores, body mass index, tumor locations, ratio of elder (>= 60-years-old) patients, and gender ratio were similar between groups S and L (p=0.572, p=0.516, p=0.6, p=0.331, and p=0.207, respectively). Mean duration of surgery (p=0.266), mean estimated blood loss (p=0.587), and mean length of hospital stay (p=0.374) were similar between groups. Difference between maximum and pre-operative systolic pressure and the difference between maximum and pre-operative diastolic pressure were similar between S and L groups (p=0.852 and p=0.526, respectively). Patients whose systolic blood pressure >160 mmHg, systolic blood pressure >30% of baseline, and heart rate >110 (p=0.307, p=0.609, and p=0.296) were similar. Diastolic blood pressure <30%, there is a difference between groups in favor of group L, but not statistically different (p=0.077).Conclusion: It is necessary to work in coordination with endocrinologists and anesthesiologists and LA for PHE should be performed in experienced medical centers regardless of tumor size with multidisciplinary approach.