Seismic retrofitting of the historic sirvani mosque using fiber-reinforced polymer (frp): A case study

Abstract

This study investigates the seismic retrofitting of the historic masonry S, irvani Mosque using fiberreinforced polymer (FRP). The mosque measures 22 m by 19 m with a height of 6 m and features a 35-meter-tall minaret that suffered severe damage during the February 26, 2023, earthquake in Turkey. Cracks developed in the arches, walls, and dome of the mosque, underscoring the urgent need for structural strengthening, particularly for the minaret, which ultimately collapsed. To evaluate the mosque's seismic behaviour, nonlinear time history analyses were carried out using the Extreme Loading for Structures (ELS) software. Initial simulations validated the mosque's vulnerability, successfully reproducing the observed damage patterns and collapse of the minaret under strong ground motion. Following this, a retrofitting solution incorporating FRP was modelled within the same software environment. The analysis results showed that FRP retrofitting significantly improved the structural resilience of the minaret. The superior tensile properties of FRP effectively reduced displacements and stress concentrations during seismic loading, preventing collapse and ensuring the structural integrity of the minaret. This retrofitting approach not only addresses existing damage but also enhances the long-term durability and seismic performance of the mosque. By combining advanced dynamic analysis techniques with modern strengthening materials, this study presents a robust framework for the preservation of historic structures. The S, irvani Mosque's minaret case study highlights the potential of contemporary retrofitting methods to safeguard cultural heritage while improving seismic performance.