Journal of Biological and Environmental Sciences

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Influence of grafting on fruit quality traits in eggplant grafted onto solanum torvum and interspecific rootstocks
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2022-11-14) Gökseven, Ayhan; Akbudak, Nuray; Ziraat Fakültesi; Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü; 0000-0003-2669-5667
The present use of grafted seedlings is dramatically increasing because of the intensive use of agricultural land, global warming, and environmental pollution. However, grafting of seedlings can cause changes in fruit appearance, earliness, and yield. This study aimed to determine the changes in fruit morphology depending on different rootstocks with new parameters and on different observation dates. Solanum melongena L. varieties Amadeo and BT Bıldırcın were used as scions. In addition, Solanum torvum Sw. (ST) variety Hawk and interspecific eggplant hybrid (IEH) variety Anafor were used as rootstocks. Our results showed that grafting had a positive effect on peduncle length, and time of physiological ripeness depending on the scion/rootstock combination. Grafting of both scions onto S. torvum had the highest increase in peduncle length. Additionally, the Amadeo/S. torvum combination reached physiological ripeness at the latest. However, grafting also had negative effects on fruit earliness and browning of pulp tissue depending on the scion/rootstock type combination. The S. torvum combination had delayed fruit earliness compared with the other rootstock combination and ungrafted plants. Meanwhile, the BT Bıldırcın/IEH combination had the most browning of the fruit pulp. Consequently, rootstocks can make the eggplant suitable for mechanical harvest by extending the fruit peduncle length.
Life tables of the olive leaf moth, Palpita unionalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), on different host plants
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2007-12-01) Kumral, Nabi Alper; Kovancı, Bahattin; Akbudak, Bülent; Ziraat Fakültesi; Bitki Koruma Bölümü
The olive leaf moth, Palpita unionalis (Hübner), is an important pest on olives, and also feeds on other host plants from the Oleaceae family. In this study, the development, survival and reproduction of P. unionalis were evaluated in the laboratory at 25°C and photoperiod of L:D = 16:8 on three host plants: olive (Olea europea L., cv. Gemlik), ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl.) and jasmine (Jasminum fruticans L.). Olive leaf moth larvae survived on all three host plants. The developmental time of immature stages ranged from 27.52 days on ash leaves to 30.00 days on olive leaves. Immature survival from egg to pupa was 72% on jasmine, 73% on olive and 74% on ash. The average number of eggs oviposited by adults from larvae reared on ash, jasmine and olive were 194.7, 321.8 and 390.3, respectively. The net reproductive rate of this species varied from 129.8 females/female on ash to 298.3 on olive. The intrinsic rate of population increase on ash, jasmine and olive was 0.148, 0.149 and 0.163 females/female/day, respectively. Palpita unionalis can complete its life cycle on all host plants, but ash was relatively less suitable because of the lower reproductive rate of the insects reared on it.
Peroxidase activity and lipid peroxidation in strawberry (fragaria x ananassa) plants under low temperature
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2008) Gülen, Hatice; Çetinkaya, Cem; Kadıoğlu, Murat; Kesici, Müge; Cansev, Asuman; Eriş, Atilla; Ziraat Fakültesi; Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü
The activity of peroxidase (PRX) isozyme, lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde, MDA content) and cell membrane injury were studied during low temperature treatment for different periods in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa cv. Camarosa) leaf tissues. Seedlings were grown for six weeks (plants had 4-5 leaves) in a greenhouse then the plants were transferred to a climate chamber with constant 5o C, 60% relative humidity, 14/10 h (light/dark) photoperiod regime and 4 LS light intensity for 1, 4, 7 or 10 days to impose a low temperature stress. In general, low temperature application during 10 days caused a linear increase in MDA content. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of both acidic and basic peroxidase (PRX) isozymes yielded a single sharp protein band with Rf=0.23 and Rf=0.17, respectively. In addition data indicated a strong relationship between band intensities and the duration of the low temperature treatment. However, the considerable increase of PRX activities could not stop the deleterious effects of low temperature, but reduced severity of stress, thus showing a reduction in the percentage of injury on the 7th day which is correlated with cold-acclimation of strawberry leaf tissues under low temperature.
Physical characteristics and chemical compositions of local red onion cultivar grown in Kapıdağ, Turkey
(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2018-12-06) Zambi, Ozan; Şahinarslan, Aydın; Özcan, Filiz; Özkan, Sıla; Akbudak, Nuray; Türkben, Cihat; Ziraat Fakültesi; Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü
Preserving traditional cultures, promoting local and rural development, protecting small producers and improving product quality, the conservation and sustainable use of all plant genetic resources is essential for food security. The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of landrace red onion (Allium cepa L.) in Southern Marmara Region in Turkey for measures of conservation. Red onions produced in the Kapıdağ Peninsula are called as “Kapıdağ purple onion”, "Kapıdağ red onion" or "Kapıdağ fish onion". Red onion is generally produced by small family farmers according to traditional methods. The red onion samples were taken from Doğanlar, Turanlar, Ormanlı, Ballıpınar and Çayağzı villages in Erdek district and investigated for various properties including information about the descriptions of red onions and ecology. In addition, various chemical (titratable acidity, pH and total soluble solid) and physical (weight, width length and color of onion bulbs) analyses were performed in red onion samples. In this study, titratable acidity and pH values of red onion bulbs were found to be between 0.146% - 0.194% and 5.36 – 5.59 respectively. Total soluble solids and total phenol of red onion bulbs were between 9.17% –10.23% and 58.69 mg GAE g dw-1 – 138.37 mg GAE g dw-1 respectively. Bulb weights of red onion were between 83.31-169.06 g. Bulb width (diameter) and length in red onion bulbs were 70.28 – 49.97 mm and 78.29 – 60.31 mm, respectively. Red onion bulbs, Ormanlı, Turan, Ballıpınar and Çayağzı areas had have elliptical shape, while Doğanlar area had have flattened shape. The tunic colors and flesh color of onion bulbs ranged from red to red dark violet. The obtained from our study will support the protection of genetic resources in their agro-ecosystems and development regional community.
Propagation of strawberry plants in pots: effect of runner order and rooting media
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2008) Türkben, Cihat; Ziraat Fakültesi; Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü
This study was carried out to establish a system for the propagation of good quality strawberry plants. Runner plants of strawberry cultivars Brio, Selva, Pocahontas, Redchief and Tufts, were layered in conical yellow pots, which contained three different rooting media (1:1:1 soil:straight cow manure:sand as a control; 1:1 peat: perlite + nutrients as first rooting medium; and 0.75:1:1:0.5:0.75 soil:peat:perlite:sand: straight cow manure + nutrients as second rooting medium), without excising from the mother plants. Within the cultivars, the best results were obtained from the second node and rooting media 1 and 2 in cv. Brio; from the first node and rooting medium 2 in cvs. Pocahontas and Tufts; from the first node and rooting media 1 and 2 in cv. Redchief. Although no differences were observed in cv. Selva with respect to rooting media, differences were obtained in terms of nodes.
Temperature responses of pollen germination in walnut (Juglans regia L.)
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2009) Mert, Cevriye; Ziraat Fakültesi; Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü
This study was carried out in order to determine the effects of different temperatures (16±1 °C, 19±1 °C and 27±1 °C) with various sucrose concentrations (10, 15 or 20% sucrose) on the pollen germination of ‘Şebin’, ‘Kaplan 86’, ‘Yalova 3’, ‘Pedro’, ‘Hartley’ and ‘Franquette’ walnut cultivars in 2007 and 2008. Pollens were also subjected to tetrazolium (TTC) test to determine their viability level. Temperature had significant effect on the germination percentage. Pollen germination rates increased significantly with increasing temperatures in walnut cultivars studied. The highest germination rates were recorded at 27 ±1 ˚C temperature in both years (26.94-73.98%; 22.78-70.86%), respectively. The rate of pollen viability of all the cultivars tested was high (> 75%). The highest pollen germination percentage was obtained from 15% and 20% sucrose concentrations in both years.

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