Bursa ilinde satışa sunulan taze tüketim ürünlerinin tarım ilacı kalıntı risklerinin değerlendirilmesi
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Date
2024
Authors
Çakı, Merve
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı 2023 yılında Bursa ili (Türkiye) yerel satış noktalarından toplanan farklı taze meyve ve sebze ürünleri üzerindeki pestisit kalıntılarını saptayarak, bunların çocuk ve yetişkin tüketiciler üzerine olan akut ve kronik maruziyet risklerini belirlemektir. Bu amaçla, tez kapsamında yapılan anket çalışmasına göre Bursa ilinde sık tüketilen meyve (armut, elma, mandalina, muz ve portakal) ve sebze (dereotu, havuç, maydanoz ve marul) numuneleri Bursa ilinin 3 büyük ilçesi olan Osmangazi, Nilüfer ve Yıldırım bölgelerini temsil etmek üzere rastgele seçilen 5 semt pazarı ve 6 yerel marketten toplanmıştır. Numuneler QuEChERS metodu ile ekstrakte edilmiş ardından LC-MS/MSve GC-MS/MS cihazları kullanılarak 527 adet pestisit kalıntısı yönünden taranmıştır. EFSA’ya göre, kronik ve akut maruziyet risklerinin belirlenmesinde anket çalışmasına katılan tüketicilerin ortalama tüketim ve vücut ağırlığı verileri ve pestisitlerin ortalama ve en yüksek kalıntı konsantrasyonları kullanılmıştır. Toplamda 85 adet farklı pestisitin değişen konsantrasyonları tespit edilmiştir. Akut risk değerlendirmesinde yetişkinlerde ve çocuklarda 5 üründe 6 pestisit (captan, indoxacarb, phosmet, lambda cyhalothrin, imizalil ve prochloraz) için risk gözlenmiştir. Kronik risk değerlendirmesinde yetişkinlerde herhangi bir pestisit-ürün kombinasyonunda risk gözlenmezken çocuklarda1 pestisit – 1 ürün (mandalina- chlorpyrifos) kombinasyonunun riskli olduğu gözlenmiştir. Bulgular, 2023 yılında Bursa pazarlarından toplanan marul, maydanoz, dereotu, havuç, elma, armut, mandalina, portakal ve muz örneklerinde pestisit kalıntılarının görülmesinin büyük bir halk sağlığı riski olarak değerlendirilemeyeceğini göstermektedir. Risk belirlenen bazı pestisitlerin (chlorpyrifos) ülkemizde ve bazılarının da (chlorpyrifos, indoxacarb, phosmet, phrochloraz) Avrupa Birliğinde yasaklanmış olması halk sağlığı için yasal düzenlemelerin önemli rolünü bir kez daha ortaya koymaktadır.
The aims of this study are to determine pesticide residues in different fresh commodities collected from different markets located in Bursa province (Türkiye) during 2023 winter season and to evaluate acute and chronic exposure risks on adults and childerns. For this purpose, according to the survey conducted within the scope of the thesis, samples of fruits (apple, banana, orange, pear and mandarin) and vegetables (carrot, dill, parsley and lettuce) that are frequently consumed in Bursa were collected form 5 randomly selected neighborhood markets and 6 local markets in 3 largest districts of Bursa, Osmangazi, Nilüfer and Yıldırım regions. The samples were extracted using the QuEChERS method and then screened for 527 pesticide residues using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS devices. Average food consumption and body weight data of consumers collected through the questionnaire survey and the highest and the average residue levels of each pesticide were used to determine the acute and chronic risks of pesticide residues based on EFSA. Changing concentrations 85 different pesticides were detected in the samples. In the acute risk assessment, risk was observed in adults and children in combinations of 6 pesticides (captan, indoxacarb, phosmet, lambda cyhalothrin, imizalil ve prochloraz) in 5 commodities. In the chronic risk assessment, no risk was observed for any pesticide-product combination in adults, while 1 pesticide - 1 product combination (mandarin-chlorpyrifos) was found to be risky for children. The findings showed that the levels of insecticide residues on lettuce, parsley, dill, carrot, apple, pear, mandarin, orange and banana samples collected from Bursa markets in winter 2023 could not be considered as an important public health risk. The fact that some pesticides with identified risks are banned in our country (chlorpyrifos) and in the European Union, (chlorpyrifos, indoxacarb, phosmet, phrochloraz) once again reveals the important role of legal regulations for public health.
The aims of this study are to determine pesticide residues in different fresh commodities collected from different markets located in Bursa province (Türkiye) during 2023 winter season and to evaluate acute and chronic exposure risks on adults and childerns. For this purpose, according to the survey conducted within the scope of the thesis, samples of fruits (apple, banana, orange, pear and mandarin) and vegetables (carrot, dill, parsley and lettuce) that are frequently consumed in Bursa were collected form 5 randomly selected neighborhood markets and 6 local markets in 3 largest districts of Bursa, Osmangazi, Nilüfer and Yıldırım regions. The samples were extracted using the QuEChERS method and then screened for 527 pesticide residues using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS devices. Average food consumption and body weight data of consumers collected through the questionnaire survey and the highest and the average residue levels of each pesticide were used to determine the acute and chronic risks of pesticide residues based on EFSA. Changing concentrations 85 different pesticides were detected in the samples. In the acute risk assessment, risk was observed in adults and children in combinations of 6 pesticides (captan, indoxacarb, phosmet, lambda cyhalothrin, imizalil ve prochloraz) in 5 commodities. In the chronic risk assessment, no risk was observed for any pesticide-product combination in adults, while 1 pesticide - 1 product combination (mandarin-chlorpyrifos) was found to be risky for children. The findings showed that the levels of insecticide residues on lettuce, parsley, dill, carrot, apple, pear, mandarin, orange and banana samples collected from Bursa markets in winter 2023 could not be considered as an important public health risk. The fact that some pesticides with identified risks are banned in our country (chlorpyrifos) and in the European Union, (chlorpyrifos, indoxacarb, phosmet, phrochloraz) once again reveals the important role of legal regulations for public health.
Description
Keywords
Pestisit kalıntısı, Risk değerlendirmesi, Taze sebze ve meyveler, QuEChERS, GC-MS/MS, LC-MS/MS, Pesticide residue, Risk assessment, Fresh vegatables and fruits
Citation
Çakı, M. (2024). Bursa ilinde satışa sunulan taze tüketim ürünlerinin tarım ilacı kalıntı risklerinin değerlendirilmesi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.