Kelâm ve mezhepler tarihi literatüründe berâhime
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Date
2004
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Kelâm ve Mezhepler Tarihi (heresiografi) literatüründe görüşleri tartışılan fırkalardan biri de Berâhime’dir. Kaynaklar tarafından genellikle Hindistan kökenli olarak tanıtılan fırkaya, müellifler tarafından atfedilen temel düşünce, nübüvvetin reddidir. Ancak nübüvvetin muarızları olarak resmedilen bu Berâhime portresinin gerçeği yansıtıp yansıtmadığı hakkında bir takım şüpheler bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan ilkine göre, nübüvvet karşıtı fikirlerin Berâhime’yle bir ilgisi olmayıp, bu fikirler Berâhime’yi kendi şahsi görüşlerinin kalkanı olarak kullanan İbnü’r-Râvendî’ye aittir. Bir diğer itiraz ise nübüvvetin muarızları olarak resmedilen Berâhime’nin aslında Hint Brahmanlar’ı olmayıp, başka bir dinî yapıya işaret ettiğidir. Bu çalışmada Berâhime’nin kökeni ve gerçekliği tartışılmaktadır. Bunun için Berâhime’yi Kelâm ve Mezhepler Tarihi literatüründe sunulduğu gibi tanıtacak, ardından bu bilgileri diğer İslâmî kaynaklarda (başta tarih, coğrafya vs.) verilen bilgilerle kıyaslayacağız. Ayrıca Berâhime’nin kökeni hakkında ileri sürülen alternatif açıklamalara da yer vererek bir sonuca ulaşmaya çalışacağız.
One of the religio-cultural sects whose views were discussed widely in Islamic theology and heresiography literature was Barāhima. Almost all related literature agree on the origin of this sect to be of Indian origin. Among several extreme views of Barāhima, the rejection of the prophecy was considerable to be the most notable one by the scholars of theology and heresiography. However, it is questionable whether this picture portrayed, especially, by the Muslim theologians and heresiographers reflects the reality. First of all, it is argued that this view does not really belong to Barāhima. Rather, the issue of the rejection of the prophecy belongs to Ibn al-Rāwandī who used Barāhima to disguise his own views on the subject. Secondly, some scholars asserted that Barāhima sect did not have any connection with the Indian Brahmans at all. In fact, according to these scholars Barāhima refers to a totally different religio-cultural structure. This article, then, attempts to discuss the origin of Barāhima and the validity of the claims found in the literature concerned. To this end, we will, first, to introduce Barāhima as presented in theology and heresiography literture. Second, we will compare these data with some of the other wellknown Islamic sources (mainly, history, geography and so on). Finally, we will end our discussion by presenting some of the alternative views on the origin of Barāhima.
One of the religio-cultural sects whose views were discussed widely in Islamic theology and heresiography literature was Barāhima. Almost all related literature agree on the origin of this sect to be of Indian origin. Among several extreme views of Barāhima, the rejection of the prophecy was considerable to be the most notable one by the scholars of theology and heresiography. However, it is questionable whether this picture portrayed, especially, by the Muslim theologians and heresiographers reflects the reality. First of all, it is argued that this view does not really belong to Barāhima. Rather, the issue of the rejection of the prophecy belongs to Ibn al-Rāwandī who used Barāhima to disguise his own views on the subject. Secondly, some scholars asserted that Barāhima sect did not have any connection with the Indian Brahmans at all. In fact, according to these scholars Barāhima refers to a totally different religio-cultural structure. This article, then, attempts to discuss the origin of Barāhima and the validity of the claims found in the literature concerned. To this end, we will, first, to introduce Barāhima as presented in theology and heresiography literture. Second, we will compare these data with some of the other wellknown Islamic sources (mainly, history, geography and so on). Finally, we will end our discussion by presenting some of the alternative views on the origin of Barāhima.
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Keywords
Berâhime, İbnü’r-Ravendî, Kitâbü’z Zümürrüd, Sümeniyye, Sâbiîler, Barāhima, Ibn al-Rāwandī, Kitāb al-Zumurrud, Sumaniyya, Sabians
Citation
Koloğlu, O. Ş. (2004). "Kelâm ve mezhepler tarihi literatüründe berâhime". Uludağ Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(1), 159-193.