Nefrotik sendrom oluşturulan sıçanlarda resveratrol ve metformin tedavilerinin böbrek dokusundaki nukleoporin ve endoplazmik retikulum stres proteinlerine etkileri
Date
2024
Authors
Meteris, Tanju
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Nükleoporinlerin ve endoplazmik retikulum stresinin nefrotik sendromun patogenezinde kritik rol oynadığı iddia edilmiştir. Ancak nefrotik sendromda nükleoporinler ve endoplazmik retikulum stres proteinlerinin böbrek dokusundaki düzeyleri, ilişkileri ve bunları hedef alan tedaviler hakkında yeterli veri yoktur. İntraperitoneal adriamisin uygulanan ve nefrotik sendrom gelişen sıçanlara oral metformin ve resveratrol tedavisi uygulandı. Böbrek dokusu NUP-93, NUP-107, IRE-1, ATF-6, kaspaz-12 ve kaspaz-3 düzeyleri ve bunların resveratrol ve metformin tedavisine yanıtları ELISA ile ölçüldü. Nefrotik sıçanlarda tedavi edilmemiş ve resveratrol ve metformin ile tedavi edilmiş böbrek dokusu NUP-93, NUP-107, IRE-1 ve kaspaz-12 seviyeleri, kontrollere kıyasla arttı. Tedavi edilmemiş ve resveratrol ile tedavi edilen nefrotik sıçanlarda böbrek dokusu NUP-93 ve IRE-1 seviyeleri artarken, metformin ile tedavi edilenlerde kontrollerle benzerdi. Serum albumin ile NUP 107, NUP-93, IRE-1, kaspaz-12 ve hasar skorları arasında negatif korelasyonlar vardı. Deneyde NUP107, NUP93, IRE-1 ve kaspaz 12 seviyeleri arttıkça hasar skorları kötüleşti. Resveratrol ve metformin, glomerüler hasarı azaltmada etkili olurken, tübüler hasarı azaltamadı. İnterstisyel hasar ise sadece metformin ile azaldı. Sonuç olarak, böbrek kaspaz 12 ve IRE-1 seviyeleri yüksek olmasına rağmen kaspaz-3 seviyelerinin kontrollerle benzer bulunması, nefrotik sendromda endoplazmik retikulum stresi kaynaklı apoptozun meydana gelmediğini düşündürmektedir. Metformin, IRE1 ve NUP-93 yoluyla ERS ve nükleoporinleri azaltarak, bu iki mekanizmanın nefrotik sendrom üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini azaltabilir ve böylece serum albümin düzeylerinin artmasına katkıda bulunabilir. Metformin ile glomerüler ve interstisyel hasarın düzeltilmesi, böbrek NUP-93 ve IRE-1 seviyelerinin azaltılması yoluyla gerçekleşmiş olabilir. Nükleoporinleri ve endoplazmik retikulum stresini kontrol etmek ve/veya hedef almak suretiyle nefrotik sendromdaki değişiklikleri göstermek için yeni çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Nucleoporins and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) are suggested to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome. However, there is insufficient data regarding the levels of nucleoporins and ERS proteins in kidney tissue, their relationships, and targeted therapies for nephrotic syndrome. Rats induced with nephrotic syndrome by intraperitoneal adriamycin were treated with oral metformin and resveratrol. Kidney tissue levels of NUP 93, NUP-107, IRE-1, ATF-6, caspase-12, and caspase-3, as well as their responses to resveratrol and metformin treatments, were measured by ELISA. In nephrotic rats, untreated and those treated with resveratrol and metformin showed increased levels of NUP-93, NUP-107, IRE-1, and caspase-12 in kidney tissue compared to controls. While NUP-93 and IRE-1 levels were increased in untreated and resveratrol-treated nephrotic rats, they were similar to controls in metformin-treated rats. Negative correlations were observed between serum albumin and levels of NUP-107, NUP-93, IRE-1, caspase-12, and damage scores. As NUP-107, NUP-93, IRE-1, and caspase 12 levels increased, damage scores worsened. Resveratrol and metformin were effective in reducing glomerular damage but not tubular damage, while interstitial damage was reduced only by metformin. In conclusion, despite high levels of caspase-12 and IRE-1, similar levels of caspase-3 to controls suggest that ERS-induced apoptosis does not occur in nephrotic syndrome. Metformin may mitigate the adverse effects of these mechanisms on nephrotic syndrome and contribute to increased serum albumin levels by reducing ERS and nucleoporins via IRE-1 and NUP-93. Further studies are needed to elucidate changes in nephrotic syndrome by targeting and/or controlling nucleoporins and ERS.
Nucleoporins and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) are suggested to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome. However, there is insufficient data regarding the levels of nucleoporins and ERS proteins in kidney tissue, their relationships, and targeted therapies for nephrotic syndrome. Rats induced with nephrotic syndrome by intraperitoneal adriamycin were treated with oral metformin and resveratrol. Kidney tissue levels of NUP 93, NUP-107, IRE-1, ATF-6, caspase-12, and caspase-3, as well as their responses to resveratrol and metformin treatments, were measured by ELISA. In nephrotic rats, untreated and those treated with resveratrol and metformin showed increased levels of NUP-93, NUP-107, IRE-1, and caspase-12 in kidney tissue compared to controls. While NUP-93 and IRE-1 levels were increased in untreated and resveratrol-treated nephrotic rats, they were similar to controls in metformin-treated rats. Negative correlations were observed between serum albumin and levels of NUP-107, NUP-93, IRE-1, caspase-12, and damage scores. As NUP-107, NUP-93, IRE-1, and caspase 12 levels increased, damage scores worsened. Resveratrol and metformin were effective in reducing glomerular damage but not tubular damage, while interstitial damage was reduced only by metformin. In conclusion, despite high levels of caspase-12 and IRE-1, similar levels of caspase-3 to controls suggest that ERS-induced apoptosis does not occur in nephrotic syndrome. Metformin may mitigate the adverse effects of these mechanisms on nephrotic syndrome and contribute to increased serum albumin levels by reducing ERS and nucleoporins via IRE-1 and NUP-93. Further studies are needed to elucidate changes in nephrotic syndrome by targeting and/or controlling nucleoporins and ERS.
Description
Keywords
NUP-93, NUP-107, IRE-1, ATF-6, Kaspaz-12, Caspase-12