ARDS hastalarında gelişen sekonder pulmoner enfeksiyonların insidansı ve mortalite üzerine etkilerinin retrospektif incelenmesi
Date
2023
Authors
Sağlam, Tutku Karaman
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Amaç: Çalışmamızda, yoğun bakım hastalarında Akut Respiratuar Distres Sendromunu (ARDS) komplike eden sekonder pulmoner enfeksiyonların; insidansını ve risk faktörlerini belirlemeyi, prognoz ve mortalite üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Metod: Etik kurul onayı alındıktan sonra Ocak 2016-Aralık 2021 tarihleri arasında üniversite hastanemizin tıbbi yoğun bakım ünitesine kabul edilen ve ARDS için Berlin kriterlerini karşılayan hastalar retrospektif olarak incelendi. Sekonder pulmoner enfeksiyonlar klinik, radyolojik ve kantitatif mikrobiyolojik kriterler kullanılarak tanımlandı. Sekonder pulmoner enfeksiyonlar ile ilgili risk faktörleri tek değişkenli analiz kullanılarak belirlendi. Ek olarak çok değişkenli cox regresyon analizi ile ARDS hastalarında sağkalıma etkili risk faktörleri saptandı. Bulgular: Yoğun bakımda takip ettiğimiz 1649 hastanın 128’i ARDS kriterlerini karşıladı. 81 tanesinde ventilatör ilişkili pnömoni (VİP), 2 tanesinde İnvaziv pulmoner aspergilloz (IPA) gelişti. Nöromüsküler bloke edici ajan kullanımının ve uzun süreli steroid kullanımının VİP gelişimiyle ilişkili olduğu tespit edildi (sırasıyla p=0,02, p=0,011). VİP hastaların yoğun bakım mortalitesini arttırmazken, daha uzun mekanik ventilasyon ve yoğun bakım yatış süresi ile ilişkili bulundu. İmmünsupresyonun ARDS hastalarının mortalitesini yaklaşık iki kat arttırdığı tespit edildi (HR=1.84, %95 CI: [1.15-2.97]; p= 0.012 )Sonuç: Genel sağkalıma baktığımızda ARDS hastalarında mortaliteye etkisi olan en önemli faktör immünsupresyon olarak tespit edilmiştir. VİP’in; mortaliteyle ilişkili olmayıp; ARDS hastalarında uzun süreli mekanik ventilasyonun bir nedeni olmaktan çok sonucu olduğu düşüncesindeyiz. ARDS tanısı olan kritik hastalarda nöromüsküler ajan ve steroid kullanımı olduğunda VİP açısından dikkatli olunması önerilir.
Objective: In our study, we aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of secondary pulmonary infections complicating ARDS in critically ill patients and to evaluate their effects on prognosis and mortality. Methods: After ethics committee approval, patients who met the Berlin criteria for ARDS and were admitted to the medical intensive care unit (ICU) of our university hospital between January 2016 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Secondary pulmonary infections were defined using clinical, radiologic and quantitative microbiologic criteria. Risk factors for secondary pulmonary infections were determined using univariate analysis. In addition, multivariate cox regression analysis was used to determine the riskfactors affecting survival in ARDS patients. Results: One-thousand-six-hundred-forty-nine patients were treated inour tertiary care ICU on relevant days. Among these, 128 met the criteria for ARDS. Eighty-one patients developed ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and 2 patients developed invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). The use of neuromuscular blocking agents and long-term steroid use were associatedwith the development of VAP (p=0.02, p=0.011, respectively). While VAP didnot increase intensive care unit mortality, it was associated with longerduration of mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit stay.Immunosuppression increased the mortality of ARDS patients approximately two fold (HR=1.84, 95% CI: [1.15-2.97]; p=0.012). Conclusion: According to our findings; immunosuppression was found to be the most important factor affecting mortality in ARDS patients. We believe that VAP is not associated with mortality and is a consequence rather than a cause of prolonged mechanical ventilation in ARDS patients. We recommend to be vigilant in terms of VAP when neuromuscular agents and steroids are used in critically ill patients with ARDS.
Objective: In our study, we aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of secondary pulmonary infections complicating ARDS in critically ill patients and to evaluate their effects on prognosis and mortality. Methods: After ethics committee approval, patients who met the Berlin criteria for ARDS and were admitted to the medical intensive care unit (ICU) of our university hospital between January 2016 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Secondary pulmonary infections were defined using clinical, radiologic and quantitative microbiologic criteria. Risk factors for secondary pulmonary infections were determined using univariate analysis. In addition, multivariate cox regression analysis was used to determine the riskfactors affecting survival in ARDS patients. Results: One-thousand-six-hundred-forty-nine patients were treated inour tertiary care ICU on relevant days. Among these, 128 met the criteria for ARDS. Eighty-one patients developed ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and 2 patients developed invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). The use of neuromuscular blocking agents and long-term steroid use were associatedwith the development of VAP (p=0.02, p=0.011, respectively). While VAP didnot increase intensive care unit mortality, it was associated with longerduration of mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit stay.Immunosuppression increased the mortality of ARDS patients approximately two fold (HR=1.84, 95% CI: [1.15-2.97]; p=0.012). Conclusion: According to our findings; immunosuppression was found to be the most important factor affecting mortality in ARDS patients. We believe that VAP is not associated with mortality and is a consequence rather than a cause of prolonged mechanical ventilation in ARDS patients. We recommend to be vigilant in terms of VAP when neuromuscular agents and steroids are used in critically ill patients with ARDS.
Description
Keywords
Akut respiratuar distres sendromu (ARDS), Ventilatör ilişkili pnömoni (VİP), Mortalite, Risk faktörü, Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), Mortality, Risk factor
Citation
Sağlam, T. K. (2023). ARDS hastalarında gelişen sekonder pulmoner enfeksiyonların insidansı ve mortalite üzerine etkilerinin retrospektif incelenmesi. Yayınlanmamış tıpta uzmanlık tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi.