Üre, sodyum hidroksit ve amonyak ile muamele edilmiş şamanın süt sığırlarında süt verimine ve bileşimine etkisi
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Date
1989
Authors
Sarıçiçek, B. Zehra
Journal Title
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Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Araştırmanın amacı, doğal buğday samanı ile üre, NH3 ve NaOH uygulanmış buğday samanlarının yem değerlerini ve söz konusu samanların süt ineklerinde süt verimi ve bileşimine etkilerini saptamaktır. Doğal saman ile üre, NH3 ve NaOH uygulanmış sananların sindirilme dereceleri 2-3 yaşlı kastre edilmiş kalya ırkı koçlar ile klasik sindirim denemesi yöntemiyle saptanmıştır. Her deneme 7 gün alıştırma, 8 gün ön dönem ve 10 gün de esas dönem olmak üzere 25 gün sürmüştür. Doğal saman ile üre, NH3 ve NaOH uygulanmış samanların organik maddeler, ham protein, ham yağ, ham sellüloz, N-siz öz maddeler ve ham kül içeriklerinin kuru maddede, sırasıyla, 92.33, 2.75, 1.25, 50.54, 37.79, 7.67; 91.72, 8.95, 1.42, 41.11, 40.24, 8.28; % 92.22, 6.99, 1.28, 42.52, 41.43, 7.78; % 85.66, 3.28, 1.25, 41.87, 39.26 ve 14.34 olduğu saptanmıştır. Doğal saman ile üre, NH3 ve NaOH uygulanmış samanların kuru madde, organik maddeler, ham protein, ham yağ, ham sellüloz ve N-siz öz maddelerin sindirilme dereceleri, sırasıyla, 50.47, 52.44, 10.60, 38.83, 55.57, 51.75; %64.64, 67.68, 57.98, 45.37, 74.49, 63.47; % 61.76, 63.69, 56.27, 41.01, 68.66, 60.56; % 64.85, 69.49, 41.77, 52.89, 77.14 ve 64.19 olarak saptanmıştır. Sindirilebilir kuru madde, organik maddeler, ham protein, ham yağ, ham sellüloz ve N-siz öz maddeler içeriği kuru maddede olmak üzere, sırasıyla, % 47.47, 48.42, 0.29, 0.49, 28.08, 19.56; % 64.34, 61.99, 5.19, 0.64, 30.62, 25.54; % 61.76, 58.74, 3.93, 0.52, 29.19, 25.09; % 64.84, 59.53, 1.37, 0.66, 32.30, 25.20; enerji değerleri ise kuru maddede, sırasıyla, 19.53, 38.43, 34.32 ve 35.77 olarak saptanmıştır. Bu sonuçlara göre samana üre, NH3 ve NaOH uygulamanın, samanın yem değerini arttırdığı söylenebilir. Yemleme denemesi 4x4 latin-kare deneme deseni ile 2-6 yaşlı 4 Holstein ırkı inek kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Bu denemede doğal, üre, NH3 ve NaOH uygulanmış buğday samanları ile yemlenen ineklerin günlük ortalama kesif yem ve saman tüketimleri, sırasıyla, 6.093±0.830, 7.353±1.664, 6.723±0.983, 6.967±0.583 kg; 8.738±0.494, 12.333±0.172, 11.535±0.318 ve 10.934±0.271 kg olarak saptanmıştır. Doğal, üre, NH3 ve NaOH uygulanmış samanlarla yemlenen ineklerin günlük ortalama süt verimleri ve % 4 yağa göre düzeltilmiş süt verimleri, sırasıyla, 11.965±1.580, 14.619±3. 360, 13.336±1.978, 13.850±1.139 kg; 12.265± 1.817, 15.949±3.232, 13.900+1.853 ve 14.864±1.151 kg olarak belirlenmiştir. Doğal, üre, NH3 ve NaOH uygulanmış samanlarla yemlenen ineklerin sütlerindeki kuru madde, yağ, protein, laktoz ve kül oranları, sırasıyla, % 12.790±0.330, 13.465±0.866, 13.379±0.582, 13.386±0.466; % 4.113+0.328, 4.738±0.248, 4.350±0.423, 4.506±0.146; % 3.450±0.127, 4.034±0.161, 3.867±0.132, 3.572±0.168; % 4.467±0.220, 4.072±0.440, 4.498±0.024, 4.630±0.149; % 0.692±0.032, 0.693±0.042, 0.680±0.043 ve 0.693±0.037 olarak saptanmıştır. Bu sonuçlara göre, samana üre uygulama, ineklerin kesif ve kaba yem tüketimleri ile süt verimi ve sütün bileşimini olumlu yönde etkilemiştir.
The aim of the research was to investigate the feed valve of untreated and urea, NH3 and NaOH treated wheat straws and their effect on milk yield and composition in dairy cattle. Average digestibility of untreated and urea, NH3 and NaOH treated straw were determined with metabolism trials by using 2-3 years old castrated kalya rams. Each trial consisted of 7 days transition period, Sdays preliminary period and 10 days main period as totally 25 days in each stage of the study. Average organic matters, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, nitrogen free extract matters, crude ash content in dry matter for untreated and urea, NH3 and NaOH treated straws were determined as, 92.33, 2.75, 1.25, 50.54, 37.79, 7,67 %; 91.72, 8.95, 1.42, 41. 11, 40.24, 8.28; %92.22, 6.99, 1.28, 42.52, 41.43, 7.78;% 85.66, 3.28, 1.25, 41.87, 39.26 and 14.34 respectively. Average apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matters, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and nitrogen free extract matters for untreated and urea, NH3 and NaOH treated straws were 50.47, 52.44, 10.60, 38.83, 55.57, 51.75; % 64.64, 67.68, 57.98, 45.37, 74.49, 63.47; % 61.76, 63.69, 56.27, 41.01, 68.66, 60.56; % 64.85, 69.49, 41.77, 52.89, 77.14 and 64.19 % respectively. Digestible dry matter, organic matters, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, nitrogen free extract matters in dry matter were determined as, 47.47, 48.42, 0.29, 0.49, 28.08, 19.56 %; 64.34, 61.99, 5.19, 0.64, 30.62, 25.54 %; 61.76, 58.74, 3.93, 0.52, 29.19, 25.09 %; 64.84, 59.53, 1.37, 0.66, 32.30, 25.20; energy values in dry matter were found as.1,9.53, 38.43, 34.32 and 35.77 starch value for untreated and urea, NH3 and NaOH treated straws respectively. In respect to these results, It is possible to say that treatment of straw with urea, NH3 and NaOH increased the feed value of straw. Feeding trials were established by 4x4 latin-square experimental design using 4 Holstein cows, aged 2 to 6 years old. In this trial average daily concentrate feed mixture and straw consumption of cows fed with untreated and urea, NH3 and NaOH treated straws were determined as, 6.093±0.830, 7.353±1.664, 6.723±0.983, 6.967±0.583 kg; 8.738±0.494, 12.333±0.172, 11.535±0.318 and 10.934±0.271 kg respectively . Average daily milk yields and %4 fat corrected milk yields of cows fed with untreated and urea, hit, and NaOH treated straws were found as, 11.965±1.580, 14.619±3.360, 13.336±1.978, 13.850±1.189 kg; 12.265±1.817, 15.949±3.232, 13.900±1.853 and 14.864±1.151 kg respectively. Average, dry matter, fat, protein, lactose and ash content of milk of the cows fed with untreated and urea, NH3 and HaOH treated straw were found as, 12.790±0.330, 13.465±0.366, 13.379±0.582, 13.386±0.466 %; 4.113±0.328, 4.738±0.248, 4.350±0.423, 4.506±0.146 %; 3.450±0.127, 4.034±0.161, 3.867±0.132, 3.572±0.168 %; 4.487±0.220, 4.072±0.440, 4.498±0.024, 4.630±0.149% ; 0.692± 0.032, 0.693±0.042, 0.680±0.048 and 0.693±0.037 % respectively. According to these results, urea treated straw positively effected the roughage and concentrate feed consumption milk yield and composition of the cows.
The aim of the research was to investigate the feed valve of untreated and urea, NH3 and NaOH treated wheat straws and their effect on milk yield and composition in dairy cattle. Average digestibility of untreated and urea, NH3 and NaOH treated straw were determined with metabolism trials by using 2-3 years old castrated kalya rams. Each trial consisted of 7 days transition period, Sdays preliminary period and 10 days main period as totally 25 days in each stage of the study. Average organic matters, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, nitrogen free extract matters, crude ash content in dry matter for untreated and urea, NH3 and NaOH treated straws were determined as, 92.33, 2.75, 1.25, 50.54, 37.79, 7,67 %; 91.72, 8.95, 1.42, 41. 11, 40.24, 8.28; %92.22, 6.99, 1.28, 42.52, 41.43, 7.78;% 85.66, 3.28, 1.25, 41.87, 39.26 and 14.34 respectively. Average apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matters, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber and nitrogen free extract matters for untreated and urea, NH3 and NaOH treated straws were 50.47, 52.44, 10.60, 38.83, 55.57, 51.75; % 64.64, 67.68, 57.98, 45.37, 74.49, 63.47; % 61.76, 63.69, 56.27, 41.01, 68.66, 60.56; % 64.85, 69.49, 41.77, 52.89, 77.14 and 64.19 % respectively. Digestible dry matter, organic matters, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, nitrogen free extract matters in dry matter were determined as, 47.47, 48.42, 0.29, 0.49, 28.08, 19.56 %; 64.34, 61.99, 5.19, 0.64, 30.62, 25.54 %; 61.76, 58.74, 3.93, 0.52, 29.19, 25.09 %; 64.84, 59.53, 1.37, 0.66, 32.30, 25.20; energy values in dry matter were found as.1,9.53, 38.43, 34.32 and 35.77 starch value for untreated and urea, NH3 and NaOH treated straws respectively. In respect to these results, It is possible to say that treatment of straw with urea, NH3 and NaOH increased the feed value of straw. Feeding trials were established by 4x4 latin-square experimental design using 4 Holstein cows, aged 2 to 6 years old. In this trial average daily concentrate feed mixture and straw consumption of cows fed with untreated and urea, NH3 and NaOH treated straws were determined as, 6.093±0.830, 7.353±1.664, 6.723±0.983, 6.967±0.583 kg; 8.738±0.494, 12.333±0.172, 11.535±0.318 and 10.934±0.271 kg respectively . Average daily milk yields and %4 fat corrected milk yields of cows fed with untreated and urea, hit, and NaOH treated straws were found as, 11.965±1.580, 14.619±3.360, 13.336±1.978, 13.850±1.189 kg; 12.265±1.817, 15.949±3.232, 13.900±1.853 and 14.864±1.151 kg respectively. Average, dry matter, fat, protein, lactose and ash content of milk of the cows fed with untreated and urea, NH3 and HaOH treated straw were found as, 12.790±0.330, 13.465±0.366, 13.379±0.582, 13.386±0.466 %; 4.113±0.328, 4.738±0.248, 4.350±0.423, 4.506±0.146 %; 3.450±0.127, 4.034±0.161, 3.867±0.132, 3.572±0.168 %; 4.487±0.220, 4.072±0.440, 4.498±0.024, 4.630±0.149% ; 0.692± 0.032, 0.693±0.042, 0.680±0.048 and 0.693±0.037 % respectively. According to these results, urea treated straw positively effected the roughage and concentrate feed consumption milk yield and composition of the cows.
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Keywords
Zootekni, Zootechnics
Citation
Sarıçiçek, B.Z. (1989). Üre, sodyum hidroksit ve amonyak ile muamele edilmiş samanın süt sığırlarında süt verimine ve bileşimine etkisi. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.