Öğretmenlerin KOVİD-19 korkusunun fiziksel aktivite ilişkisi, mental sağlık ve yeme davranışlarına etkisi (Çanakkale il örneği)
Date
2021-09-28
Authors
Katra, Haşim
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Araştırmamızda KOVİD-19 pandemi döneminde öğretmenlerin Kovid-19 korkusunun fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile ilişkisi, Kovid-19 korkusunun mental sağlık ile yeme davranışları üzerine etkisini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya 244 kadın ve 140 erkek toplam 384 öğretmen gönüllü katılım sağlamıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak Kovid-19 Korkusu Ölçeği (Ladikli ve diğerleri,2020), Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi Kısa Formu (Öztürk,2005), Üç Faktörlü Beslenme Anketi (Kıraç ve diğerleri,2015) ve Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği DASS-21 (Yılmaz, Boz ve Arslan,2017) kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların demografik özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla uzman görüşü alınarak hazırlanan form kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen veriler SPSS 20.0 istatistiksel veri analiz programında analiz edilmiş olup, betimleyici istatistiksel analizlerle birlikte verilerin normal dağıldığı durumlarda VI değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla Pearson Korelasyon, iki grup arasındaki farkı belirlemek amacıyla Indepented T, ikiden fazla grup arasındaki farkı belirlemek amacıyla Oneway Anova testleri uygulanmıştır. Normalliğin sağlanamadığı durumlarda, değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla Spearman Korelasyon, iki grup arasındaki farkı belirlemek amacıyla Mann Whitney U, ikiden fazla grup arasındaki farkı belirlemek amacıyla Kruskal Wallis testleri kullanılmıştır. Etki büyüklüğünü belirlemek amacıyla etakare katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre öğretmenlerin Kovid-19 korkusunun artması ile birlikte fiziksel aktivite puanları azalmaktadır. Bununla birlikte fiziksel aktivite düzeyi inaktif olan bireylerin fiziksel aktivite düzeyi yüksek olanlara göre Kovid-19 korkusu algılarının daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğretmenlerin Kovid-19 korkusu mental sağlıkları üzerine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı etkiye sahiptir. Öğretmenlerin Kovid-19 korkusunun depresyon, anskiyete ve stres düzeylerini yordayan bir değişken olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kovid-19 korkusu yeme davranışlarından kontrolsüz olarak yemek yeme, duygusal olarak yemek yeme ve açlığa duyarlık davranışlarına etkisi olan bir değişken olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kadın öğretmenlerin erkek öğretmenlere göre Kovid-19 korkusu, depresyon ve stres düzeyleri, duygusal olarak yemek yeme eğilimleri istatiksel olarak daha yüksektir. Öğretmenlerin depresyon, anksiyete ve stres düzeylerinin artmasıyla birlikte kontrolsüz olarak yemek yeme, duygusal olarak yemek yeme ve açlığa duyarlık davranışlarının arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmenlerin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerine göre depresyon ve stres puanlarında anlamlı fark olmakla birlikte fiziksel aktivite düzeyi düşük olanların depresyon ve stres puanlarının yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Fiziksel aktivite düzeyine göre öğretmenlerin bilinçli olarak yemek yeme davranışlarında anlamlı fark olmakla birlikte, fiziksel aktivite düzeyi yüksek olanların bilinçli olarak yemek yeme davranışı puanı daha yüksektir. Öğretmenler arasında Beden Kütle İndeksi (BKİ) düzeyine göre kontrolsüz olarak yemek VII yeme, duygusal olarak yemek yeme ve açlığa duyarlık davranışlarında anlamlı fark olduğu belirlenmiş olup obez bireylerin bu davranışlarının yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak öğretmenlerin Kovid-19 korkusu orta düzeye yakın, fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri minimal aktif, depresyon, anksiyete ve stres düzeyleri düşük, yemek yeme davranışları orta düzeydir. Fiziksel aktiviteye katılım öğretmenlerin mental sağlık durumlarına olumlu etkiye sahiptir. Kovid-19 korkusu algıları yüksek olan öğretmenlerin fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinin düşük olduğu, öğretmenlerin Kovid-19 korkusunun artmasının depresyon, anksiyete ve stres düzeylerine ve olumsuz yemek yeme davranışlarına etkisi olduğu söylenebilir. Fiziksel aktivite düzeyi hem mental sağlık hemde yemek yeme davranışlarına olumlu yönde etki etmektedir. Bu nedenle öğretmenlerin pandemi süreci dahil olmak üzere genel anlamda fiziksel aktiviteye yönlendirilmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir. Öğretmenlerin fiziksel aktivite katılımlarını arttırmaya yönelik programlar uygulanması ,mental sağlıklarının ve fiziksel sağlıklarının olumlu yönde gelişimine katkı sağlayarak motivasyonlarını arttırmaya yardımcı olacağı söylenebilir.
Activity levels and effect of COVID-19 fear on mental health and eating behavior among teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research had voluntary participation from a total of 384 teachers, 244 women and 140 men. Data collection tools used in the research were the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (Ladikli et al., 2020), International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (Öztürk,2005), Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (Kıraç et al., 2015) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21; Yılmaz, Boz and Arslan, 2017). A form prepared in line with expert opinion was used with the aim of determining the demographic characteristics of participants. Data obtained in the research were analyzed with the SPSS 20.0 statistical analysis program. Along with descriptive statistical analyses, the Pearson correlation was used with to determine the correlation between variables, the independent T test was used to determine the IX difference between two groups and the one-way ANOVA test was used to determine differences between more than two groups in situations with normal distribution. In situations without normal distribution, the Spearman correlation was used to determine correlations between variables, the Mann Whitney U test was used to determine differences between two groups and the Kruskal Wallis test was used to determine differences between more than two groups. The eta-square coefficient was calculated with the aim of determining effect size. According to findings obtained in the research, with the increase in COVID-19 fear among teachers, their physical activity points reduced. Additionally, individuals with inactive physical activity levels were determined to have higher fear of COVID-19 perception compared to those with high levels of physical activity. Teachers’ fear of COVID-19 had a statistically significant effect on mental health. Fear of COVID-19 among teachers was determined to be a variable predicting depression, anxiety and stress levels. COVID-19 fear was identified to be a variable affecting uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and hungersensitive behavior among eating behaviors. Female teachers had statistically higher tendency toward COVID-19 fear, depression and stress levels and emotional eating compared to male teachers. With the increase in depression, anxiety and stress levels of teachers, they were identified to have increased uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and hunger-sensitive behavior. The depression and stress points of teachers were significantly different according to physical activity levels; those with low physical activity levels were determined to have high depression and stress points. The conscious eating behavior of teachers was significantly different according to physical activity levels; those with high physical activity levels had higher conscious eating behavior points. Among teachers, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and hunger-sensitive behavior were significantly different according to body mass index, with obese individuals having high levels of these behaviors. X In conclusion, teachers had fear of COVID-19 at moderate levels, minimally active physical activity levels, low levels of depression, anxiety and stress and moderate levels of eating behavior. Participation in physical activity had a positive effect on the mental health status of teachers. Teachers with high perceptions of COVID-19 fear had low levels of physical activity and it may be said that the increase in fear of COVID-19 among teachers affected depression, anxiety and stress levels and negative eating behavior. Physical activity levels positively affect both mental health and eating behavior. For this reason, it is considered necessary to direct teachers toward physical activity in a general sense, including during the pandemic. Implementation of programs to increase participation in physical activity among teachers will assist in increasing motivation by contributing to positive development of their mental health and physical health.
Activity levels and effect of COVID-19 fear on mental health and eating behavior among teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research had voluntary participation from a total of 384 teachers, 244 women and 140 men. Data collection tools used in the research were the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (Ladikli et al., 2020), International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (Öztürk,2005), Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (Kıraç et al., 2015) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21; Yılmaz, Boz and Arslan, 2017). A form prepared in line with expert opinion was used with the aim of determining the demographic characteristics of participants. Data obtained in the research were analyzed with the SPSS 20.0 statistical analysis program. Along with descriptive statistical analyses, the Pearson correlation was used with to determine the correlation between variables, the independent T test was used to determine the IX difference between two groups and the one-way ANOVA test was used to determine differences between more than two groups in situations with normal distribution. In situations without normal distribution, the Spearman correlation was used to determine correlations between variables, the Mann Whitney U test was used to determine differences between two groups and the Kruskal Wallis test was used to determine differences between more than two groups. The eta-square coefficient was calculated with the aim of determining effect size. According to findings obtained in the research, with the increase in COVID-19 fear among teachers, their physical activity points reduced. Additionally, individuals with inactive physical activity levels were determined to have higher fear of COVID-19 perception compared to those with high levels of physical activity. Teachers’ fear of COVID-19 had a statistically significant effect on mental health. Fear of COVID-19 among teachers was determined to be a variable predicting depression, anxiety and stress levels. COVID-19 fear was identified to be a variable affecting uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and hungersensitive behavior among eating behaviors. Female teachers had statistically higher tendency toward COVID-19 fear, depression and stress levels and emotional eating compared to male teachers. With the increase in depression, anxiety and stress levels of teachers, they were identified to have increased uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and hunger-sensitive behavior. The depression and stress points of teachers were significantly different according to physical activity levels; those with low physical activity levels were determined to have high depression and stress points. The conscious eating behavior of teachers was significantly different according to physical activity levels; those with high physical activity levels had higher conscious eating behavior points. Among teachers, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and hunger-sensitive behavior were significantly different according to body mass index, with obese individuals having high levels of these behaviors. X In conclusion, teachers had fear of COVID-19 at moderate levels, minimally active physical activity levels, low levels of depression, anxiety and stress and moderate levels of eating behavior. Participation in physical activity had a positive effect on the mental health status of teachers. Teachers with high perceptions of COVID-19 fear had low levels of physical activity and it may be said that the increase in fear of COVID-19 among teachers affected depression, anxiety and stress levels and negative eating behavior. Physical activity levels positively affect both mental health and eating behavior. For this reason, it is considered necessary to direct teachers toward physical activity in a general sense, including during the pandemic. Implementation of programs to increase participation in physical activity among teachers will assist in increasing motivation by contributing to positive development of their mental health and physical health.
Description
Keywords
KOVİD-19 korkusu, Fiziksel aktivite, Mental sağlık, Yeme davranışı, COVID-19 fear, Physical activity, Mental health, Eating behavior
Citation
Katra, H. (2021). Öğretmenlerin KOVİD-19 korkusunun fiziksel aktivite ilişkisi, mental sağlık ve yeme davranışlarına etkisi (Çanakkale il örneği). Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü.