Biyopsikososyal yaklaşım konusunda eğitim alan tıp fakültesi son sınıf öğrencilerinin hasta hekim yönelimi ve empati düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi
Date
2021
Authors
Dönmez, Muzaffer Öncü
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Tıp fakültesinde eğitim yılları ilerledikçe öğrencilerde, iletişim becerilerinde düşüş eğilimi görülmekte ve zamanla bütüncül hasta bakımı konusundaki bakış açıları kaybolmaktadır. Mezuniyet öncesi tıp eğitiminde biyopsikososyal yaklaşım konusunda eğitim verilmesi, hekimlerden beklenen yeterliliklerin olgunlaşmasını sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı tıp fakültesi son sınıf öğrencilerinin; biyopsikososyal yaklaşım bilgisinin sorgulanması, bu bilgileri hangi ders ve stajlarda kazandığının öğrenilmesi, hasta merkezli yaklaşım ve empati düzeylerinin değerlendirilip arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Çalışma literatür taranarak oluşturulan web tabanlı anket yöntemi kullanılarak yapılandırılmıştır. Anketin, ilk kısmında demografik verilerin yer aldığı genel bilgiler bölümü, ikinci kısmında biyopsikososyal yaklaşımla ilgili sorular, üçüncü kısmında Hasta Hekim Yönelim Ölçeği (HHYÖ) ve son kısmında Jefferson Doktor Empati Ölçeği-Öğrenci Versiyonu (JSPE-S) bulunmaktadır. Araştırma Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi’nde eğitim almakta olan, ulaşılan 226 son sınıf tıp öğrencisi (%69) ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmamıza katılan öğrencilerin %49,6’sı (n=112) kadın, %50,4’ü (n=114) erkektir. Öğrencilerin %94,2’si (n=213) tıpta uzmanlık eğitimi almayı düşündüğünü, %73’ü (n=165) biyopsikososyal yaklaşım konusunda eğitim aldığını, %61’i (n=138) kendini bu konuda yeterli bulduğunu belirtmiştir. HHYÖ toplam puan ortalaması 3,76±0,73 ve JSPE-S toplam puan ortalaması 100,69±16,60 olarak hesaplanmıştır. HHYÖ ve JSPE-S puanları arasında anlamlı düzeyde, pozitif ilişki saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, eğitim alan öğrencilerin daha çok hasta merkezli yaklaşım sergilediği ve empati düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Aile hekimliği disiplininde temel bir yaklaşım modeli olan biyopsikososyal yaklaşım, tıp eğitiminin klinik ağırlıklı kısmında da işlenmeli ve öğrencilere bu yaklaşım aşılanmalıdır.
As the years of education in the medical faculty progress, students' communication skills tend to decrease and their perspective on holistic patient care disappears over time. Giving training on the biopsychosocial approach in pre-graduate medical education ensures that the competencies expected from physicians mature. The aim of this study is that the final year medical faculty students; questioning the knowledge of biopsychosocial approach, learning in which courses and internships he gained this knowledge, evaluating the patient-centered approach and empathy levels and examining the relationship between them. The study was carried out using the web-based questionnaire method created by scanning literature. In the first part of the questionnaire, there is a general information section with demographic data, in the second part questions about the biopsychosocial approach, in the third part the Patient Physician Orientation Scale (PPOS) and in the last part there is the Jefferson Doctor Empathy Scale - Student Version (JSPE-S). The research was planned for interns who study at Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine and was conducted with 226 interns (69%) who agreed to participate in the study. In our study, 49,6% (n=112) of the intern students were female and 50,4% (n=114) were male. 94,2% (n=213) of the students they were considering getting specialization training in medicine, 73% (n=165) they were trained in the biopsychosocial approach, and 61% (n=138) stated that they found themselves sufficient in this subject. The mean total score for the PPOS was 3,76±0,73 and the total mean score of JSPE-S was calculated as IX 100,69±16,60. A significant positive correlation was found between the total scores of PPOS and JSPE-S. As a result, it was seen that the students who received the training showed a more patient-centered approach and their empathy levels were higher. The biopsychosocial approach, which is a basic approach model in the discipline of family medicine, should also be included in the clinically focused part of medical education and this approach should be imposed on students
As the years of education in the medical faculty progress, students' communication skills tend to decrease and their perspective on holistic patient care disappears over time. Giving training on the biopsychosocial approach in pre-graduate medical education ensures that the competencies expected from physicians mature. The aim of this study is that the final year medical faculty students; questioning the knowledge of biopsychosocial approach, learning in which courses and internships he gained this knowledge, evaluating the patient-centered approach and empathy levels and examining the relationship between them. The study was carried out using the web-based questionnaire method created by scanning literature. In the first part of the questionnaire, there is a general information section with demographic data, in the second part questions about the biopsychosocial approach, in the third part the Patient Physician Orientation Scale (PPOS) and in the last part there is the Jefferson Doctor Empathy Scale - Student Version (JSPE-S). The research was planned for interns who study at Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine and was conducted with 226 interns (69%) who agreed to participate in the study. In our study, 49,6% (n=112) of the intern students were female and 50,4% (n=114) were male. 94,2% (n=213) of the students they were considering getting specialization training in medicine, 73% (n=165) they were trained in the biopsychosocial approach, and 61% (n=138) stated that they found themselves sufficient in this subject. The mean total score for the PPOS was 3,76±0,73 and the total mean score of JSPE-S was calculated as IX 100,69±16,60. A significant positive correlation was found between the total scores of PPOS and JSPE-S. As a result, it was seen that the students who received the training showed a more patient-centered approach and their empathy levels were higher. The biopsychosocial approach, which is a basic approach model in the discipline of family medicine, should also be included in the clinically focused part of medical education and this approach should be imposed on students
Description
Keywords
Biyopsikososyal yaklaşım, Hasta-hekim ilişkisi, Empati, İletişim becerileri, Bilgi düzeyi, Biopsychosocial approach, Patient-physician relationship, Empathy, Communication skills, Level of knowledge
Citation
Dönmez, M. Ö. (2021). Biyopsikososyal yaklaşım konusunda eğitim alan tıp fakültesi son sınıf öğrencilerinin hasta hekim yönelimi ve empati düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi. Yayınlanmamış tıpta uzmanlık tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi.