Prematüre retinopatisi risk faktörlerinin retrospektif olarak araştırılması
Date
2024
Authors
Efil, Nil Sena
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Prematüre retinopatisi (ROP), prematüre bebeklerde retinanın anormal vaskülarizasyonu ile karakterize ciddi görme bozukluğu veya körlüğe yol açabilen bir hastalıktır. Yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitelerindeki gelişmelere rağmen, ROP çocukluk çağındaki görme kaybının önemli nedenlerinden biri olmaya devam etmektedir. Düşük gebelik yaşı ve düşük doğum ağırlığı, düşük APGAR skoru, oksijen tedavisinin süresi ve konsantrasyonu, Bronkopulmoner displazi (BPD), Respiratuar Distres Sendromu (RDS), Patent Duktus Arteriozus (PDA), sepsis, intraventriküler kanama (İVK), nekrotizan enterokolit (NEK), kan transfüzyonu gibi çok sayıda risk faktörü ROP gelişiminden sorumlu tutulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, prematüre bebeklerde ROP gelişimini öngörebilmek için risk faktörlerinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Bu retrospektif çalışmaya Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesine 01 Ocak 2020-01 Ocak 2023 tarihleri arasında yatırılan gestasyonel haftası 37 hafta altında olan 306 hasta dahil edildi. Çalışmamızdaki hastaların %53,3’ü (n=163) erkek, %46,7’si (n=143) kızdı. İstatistiksel analizde; gebelik haftasının ve doğum ağırlığının düşük olması, düşük APGAR skoru, doğumda resüsitasyon ihtiyacının olması, RDS, hemodinamik anlamlı PDA, İVK, NEK, BPD, kan transfüzyonu, solunum desteği almak, TPN süresinin uzun olması ve tam enteral beslenmeye geçiş gününün uzun olması ROP gelişimi için birer risk faktörü olarak sonuçlandı. Çalışmamızda gebelik haftası 32 hafta ve altındaki hastalar için tekrar istatistiksel analiz yapıldı. Buna göre; gebelik haftasının küçük olması, antenatal steroidin tamamlanmamış olması, eritrosit transfüzyon öyküsü ve kültür kanıtlı geç sepsis varlığı ROP gelişimi için bağımsız risk faktörü olarak bulundu. Sonuç olarak; gereksiz kan transfüzyonlarının önlenmesi, preterm doğum riski olanlarda antenatal steroidin tamamlanması ve geç sepsisin önlenmesi ROP gelişiminden korunmak için önemli birer önlenebilir risk faktörü olarak değerlendirilebilir.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease characterized by abnormal vascularization of the retina in premature infants, which can lead to serious visual impairment or blindness. Despite advances in neonatal intensive care units, ROP continues to be a significant cause of childhood visual impairment. When examining risk factors, several are implicated in the development of ROP, including low gestational age and birth weight, low APGAR score, duration and concentration of oxygen therapy, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), sepsis, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and blood transfusion. This study aimed to investigate risk factors to predict the development of ROP in premature infants. A total of 306 patients admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Bursa Uludağ University Medical Faculty between January 1, 2020, and January 1, 2023, with gestational age less than 37 weeks, were included in this retrospective study. In our study, 53.3% (n=163) of the patients were male, and 46.7% (n=143) were female. In statistical analysis; low gestational age and birth weight, low APGAR score, need for resuscitation at birth, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), blood transfusion, requirement for respiratory support, prolonged duration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and delayed transition to full enteral feeding were identified as risk factors for the development of ROP. In our study, a separate statistical analysis was conducted for patients with a gestational age of 32 weeks or less. According to this analysis, being born at a younger gestational age, incomplete administration of antenatal steroids, history of erythrocyte transfusion, and late-onset sepsis confirmed by culture were found to be independent risk factors for the development of ROP. As a result, preventing unnecessary blood transfusions, completing antenatal steroid administration in those at risk of preterm birth, and preventing late-onset sepsis can be considered important preventable risk factors for protecting against the development of ROP.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease characterized by abnormal vascularization of the retina in premature infants, which can lead to serious visual impairment or blindness. Despite advances in neonatal intensive care units, ROP continues to be a significant cause of childhood visual impairment. When examining risk factors, several are implicated in the development of ROP, including low gestational age and birth weight, low APGAR score, duration and concentration of oxygen therapy, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), sepsis, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and blood transfusion. This study aimed to investigate risk factors to predict the development of ROP in premature infants. A total of 306 patients admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Bursa Uludağ University Medical Faculty between January 1, 2020, and January 1, 2023, with gestational age less than 37 weeks, were included in this retrospective study. In our study, 53.3% (n=163) of the patients were male, and 46.7% (n=143) were female. In statistical analysis; low gestational age and birth weight, low APGAR score, need for resuscitation at birth, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), blood transfusion, requirement for respiratory support, prolonged duration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and delayed transition to full enteral feeding were identified as risk factors for the development of ROP. In our study, a separate statistical analysis was conducted for patients with a gestational age of 32 weeks or less. According to this analysis, being born at a younger gestational age, incomplete administration of antenatal steroids, history of erythrocyte transfusion, and late-onset sepsis confirmed by culture were found to be independent risk factors for the development of ROP. As a result, preventing unnecessary blood transfusions, completing antenatal steroid administration in those at risk of preterm birth, and preventing late-onset sepsis can be considered important preventable risk factors for protecting against the development of ROP.
Description
Keywords
Prematüre retinopatisi, Yenidoğan, Prematüre bebek, Neonatal morbidite, Retinopathy of prematurity, Newborn, Premature baby, Neonatal morbidity