Difference in epiphytic lichen communities on quercus cerris from urban and rural areas in Bursa (Turkey)

Abstract

Sixty epiphytic lichen species were identified in seven localities from urban and rural areas in Bursa province. Amandinea punctata, Hypetphyscia adglutinakt, Opegrapha herbarum, and Pannelia sulcata commonly found in areas with intensive anthropogenic influence were determined to be indicators of urban areas. Pleurosticta acetabulum and Pseudevernia furfuracea were determined to be indicators of rural areas. The species diversity and composition of the epiphytic lichens on Quercus cerris varied depending on the effects of macroclimatic and microclimatic factors, anthropogenic and agricultural activities.