XVIII-XIX. Asır İdil-Ural Bölgesi cami ve medrese kurumları
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Date
2023-10-27
Authors
Alioğlu, Bahadır
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
İdil-Ural bölgesinde yaşayan Tatar Türklerinin İslamiyet'le tanışmasından sonra inşa edilmeye başlayan cami ve medreseler bölgede İslam'ın tanınmasına, gelişmesine aynı zamanda korunmasına hayati derecede katkılar sunmuştur. Zira Kazan Hanlığını kuran İdil-Ural Türkleri, 1552'ye kadar cami, medrese, kütüphane, mektep, tekke ve zaviyeler gibi ilmi ve dini eğitim kurumlarıyla kültür ve sosyal hayatın gelişmesinde önemli rol oynamışlardır. Ancak Kazan Hanlığının yıkılmasıyla Çarlık Rusya'sının hâkimiyetine giren bölgedeki Tatar Türk halkı zulüm ve baskıyla Ruslaştırılmaya maruz bırakılmış ve bölgede inşa edilmiş pek çok cami ve medrese yok edilmiştir. İşte bu çalışmada XVIII-XIX. yüzyılda bölgede inşa edilen camiler ve medreseler tanıtılmış ve sosyo-kültürel rolleri incelenmiştir. Bahsi geçen dönemden önce bölge halkı her türlü zulme maruz bırakılmış ve Ruslaştırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Ancak gösterdiği direniş sayesinde bütünüyle olmasa da, özellikle 1762'de II. Katerina (1762-1796) döneminde baskılardan bir ölçüde kurtulabilmiştir. Nitekim bölgede inşa edilen camiler, mektepler, medreseler din ve eğitim açısından önemli bir işlev görmüşlerdir. Böylece tarih boyunca İdil-Ural bölgesi, İslâm medeniyet coğrafyasının bir parçası olarak kalmayı başarmıştır.
Mosques and madrasahs, which started to be built after the Tatar Turks living in the Volga-Ural region met Islam, made vital contributions to the recognition, development and protection of Islam in the region. Because the Volga-Ural Turks, who founded the Kazan Khanate, played an important role in the development of cultural and social life with scientific and religious educational institutions such as mosques, madrasahs, libraries, schools, lodges and zawiyas until 1552. However, the Tatar Turkish people in the region, which came under the rule of Tsarist Russia with the collapse of the Kazan Khanate, were subjected to Russification with cruelty and oppression, and many mosques and madrassas built in the region were destroyed. In this study, XVIII-XIX. Mosques and madrassas built in the region in the 19th century were introduced and their socio-cultural roles were examined. Before the mentioned period, the people of the region were subjected to all kinds of oppression and attempts were made to Russify them. However, thanks to his resistance, he was defeated by II, especially in 1762, although not entirely. During the reign of Katerina (1762-1796), he was able to get rid of the pressures to some extent. As a matter of fact, the mosques, schools and madrasahs built in the region served an important function in terms of religion and education. Thus, throughout history, the Volga-Ural region has managed to remain a part of the geography of Islamic civilization.
Mosques and madrasahs, which started to be built after the Tatar Turks living in the Volga-Ural region met Islam, made vital contributions to the recognition, development and protection of Islam in the region. Because the Volga-Ural Turks, who founded the Kazan Khanate, played an important role in the development of cultural and social life with scientific and religious educational institutions such as mosques, madrasahs, libraries, schools, lodges and zawiyas until 1552. However, the Tatar Turkish people in the region, which came under the rule of Tsarist Russia with the collapse of the Kazan Khanate, were subjected to Russification with cruelty and oppression, and many mosques and madrassas built in the region were destroyed. In this study, XVIII-XIX. Mosques and madrassas built in the region in the 19th century were introduced and their socio-cultural roles were examined. Before the mentioned period, the people of the region were subjected to all kinds of oppression and attempts were made to Russify them. However, thanks to his resistance, he was defeated by II, especially in 1762, although not entirely. During the reign of Katerina (1762-1796), he was able to get rid of the pressures to some extent. As a matter of fact, the mosques, schools and madrasahs built in the region served an important function in terms of religion and education. Thus, throughout history, the Volga-Ural region has managed to remain a part of the geography of Islamic civilization.
Description
Keywords
İdil-Ural, Kazan hanlığı, Çarlık Rusya, İslam, Camii, Medrese, Idil-Ural, Kazan khanate, Tsarist Russia, Islam, Mosque, Madrasah
Citation
Alioğlu, B. (2023). XVIII-XIX. Asır İdil-Ural Bölgesi cami ve medrese kurumları. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.