Elektrik direnç punta kaynağı ile birleştirilen %15 deforme edilmiş TWIP çeliğinde kaynak akımının mikroyapı ve mekanik özellikler üzerindeki etkisi
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Date
2020
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Gazi Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, punta kaynağı ile birleştirilen %15 deforme olmuş TWIP levhaların özelliklerine akımın etkisi araştırılmıştır. Mikroyapı karakterizasyonunda optik mikroskopi, Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM), SEM/Enerji Dağılım Spektroskopisi (SEM-EDS) ve SEM/Elektron Geri Saçılım Kırınımı (SEM-EBSD) teknikleri kullanıldı. Mekanik özellikleri belirlemek için mikrosertlik ve çekme testleri yapıldı. Külçe boyutu, girinti derinliği ve ısıdan etkilenen bölgenin (HAZ) genişliği artan akımla neredeyse doğrusal olarak artarken kaynak boşlukları artan akımla azaldı. HAZ'da büyük tavlanan ikizler ortaya çıkarken, deformasyon ikizleri ortadan kayboldu. HAZ'da tane irileşmesi ve ikiz kalınlıklar artan akımla birlikte arttı. Ancak kaynak herhangi bir faz dönüşümüne neden olmadı. Bu nedenle kaynak bölgesindeki sertlik ana metal sertliğine göre oldukça düşük çıkmıştır. Genel olarak en düşük sertlik ITAB'da gözlenmiştir. Kaynak bölgesinde akım ile sertlik arasında herhangi bir korelasyon yoktu. Akım arttıkça kırılma yükü arttı: En yüksek kırılma yükü 10 kA'da elde edildi. Daha yüksek akımlarda düğme kopma kırıkları ortaya çıkarken, daha düşük akımlarda arayüzey kırıkları meydana gelmiştir. Kırılma özellikleri genellikle gevrek-sünek karışımıdır. Mukavemeti daha yüksek olan kaynak numunelerinde, gevrek-sünek bölgedeki sünek ve gevrek bölgedeki transgranüler malzemenin kırılma özellikleri artmıştır.
The effect of current on properties of 15% deformed TWIP sheets joined with spot welding was investigated in this study. Optical microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), SEM/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and SEM/Electron Backscatter Diffraction (SEM-EBSD) techniques were used in microstructure characterization. Microhardness and tensile tests were performed to determine mechanical properties. The nugget size, indentation depth and heat affected zone (HAZ) width increased almost linearly with increased current, while the weld cavities decreased with increased current. Large annealing twins have appeared in HAZ, while deformation twins have disappeared. Grain coarsening and twin thicknesses in HAZ increased with increased current. However, the welding didn't cause any phase transformation. Therefore, hardness in weld zone was considerably lower than base metal hardness. In general, the lowest hardness was observed in HAZ. There was no correlation between current and hardness in weld zone. Fracture load increased with increased current: The highest fracture load was obtained at 10 kA. Button pullout fractures have emerged with higher currents, whereas interfacial fractures have occurred with lower currents. Fracture characteristics are generally a mixture of brittle-ductile. In weld samples with higher strength, the fracture characteristics of ductile in brittle-ductile zone and the trans-granular in brittle zone have increased.
The effect of current on properties of 15% deformed TWIP sheets joined with spot welding was investigated in this study. Optical microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), SEM/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and SEM/Electron Backscatter Diffraction (SEM-EBSD) techniques were used in microstructure characterization. Microhardness and tensile tests were performed to determine mechanical properties. The nugget size, indentation depth and heat affected zone (HAZ) width increased almost linearly with increased current, while the weld cavities decreased with increased current. Large annealing twins have appeared in HAZ, while deformation twins have disappeared. Grain coarsening and twin thicknesses in HAZ increased with increased current. However, the welding didn't cause any phase transformation. Therefore, hardness in weld zone was considerably lower than base metal hardness. In general, the lowest hardness was observed in HAZ. There was no correlation between current and hardness in weld zone. Fracture load increased with increased current: The highest fracture load was obtained at 10 kA. Button pullout fractures have emerged with higher currents, whereas interfacial fractures have occurred with lower currents. Fracture characteristics are generally a mixture of brittle-ductile. In weld samples with higher strength, the fracture characteristics of ductile in brittle-ductile zone and the trans-granular in brittle zone have increased.
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Keywords
Engineering, TWIP çeliği, Elektrik direnç punta kaynağı, Mikroyapı, Mekanik özellikler, Kırılma yüzeyi karakterizasyonu, TWIP steel, Electrical resistance spot welding, Microstructure, Mechanical properties, Fracture surface characterization, Induced plasticity steel, Fracture characteristics, Deformation, Evolution, Texture, Coarsening, Electric resistance, Fracture, Hardness, Mechanical properties, Microstructure, Plasticity, Scanning electron microscopy, Spot welding, Steel, Tensile strength, Tensile testing, Twinning, Electrical resistances, Fracture characteristics, Fracture surfaces, Indentation depth, Interfacial fracture, Microstructure and mechanical properties, Microstructure characterization, Heat affected zone
Citation
Aydın, H. vd. (2020). "Elektrik direnç punta kaynağı ile birleştirilen %15 deforme edilmiş TWIP çeliğinde kaynak akımının mikroyapı ve mekanik özellikler üzerindeki etkisi". Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 35(2), 803-817