Rus bestecilerin polifonik yapıdaki eserlerinin piyano eğitiminde hedeflerin gerçekleştirilmesine yönelik etkisinin belirlenmesi
Date
2021-07-13
Authors
Özer, Nilüfer
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Türkiye’de, müzik öğretmeni yetiştiren kurumlarda piyano eğitiminde kullanılan polifonik eserlere bakıldığında, belirli bazı besteciler ve Barok Dönem eserlerin dışında farklı polifonik yapıdaki eserlere genellikle yer verilmediği öngörülmüştür. Diğer dönemlere ilişkin polifonik eserlerin yeterince tanınmaması, piyano eğitiminde bu eserlere yer verilmemesine neden olmuştur. Bu doğrultuda, Rus piyano müziğinde yer alan polifonik yapıdaki eserlerin yeterince bilinmediği ve kullanılmadığı düşünülmüştür. Araştırmanın amacı; Rus bestecilerin polifonik yapıdaki eserlerinin Müzik Öğretmenliği Lisans Programında uygulanan piyano eğitiminde kullanılabilme durumlarını ortaya koymak, uzmanların konuya ilişkin görüş ve önerilerini tespit etmek, öğrencilerin bu eserler ile performanslarının başarı düzeylerinin yanı sıra beğeni tepkilerini belirlemek, materyal olarak tanıtmak, kullanmak ve yaygınlaştırmaktır. Araştırmanın, Rus bestecilerin polifonik eserlerinin piyano eğitiminde kullanılması, eserlerin tanıtılması ve repertuvara çeşitlilik kazandırılması açısından katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmüştür. Ayrıca bu çalışma öğrencilerin farklı stil ve karakterde polifonik eserleri çalışmaları, piyano eğitimine yönelik bakış açılarını olumlu yönde etkilemesi açısından da önemlidir. Araştırmada genel tarama modeli kullanılmış, doküman analizi yöntemiyle Rus piyano literatürü taranmış, polifonik yapıdaki eserler seçilmiş ve deneklerin düzeyleri göz önünde bulundurarak zorluk derecesine göre listelenmiştir. Araştırmanın amacına uygun olarak nitel ve nicel verilerin elde edilmesi için farklı çalışma grupları belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın 1. çalışma grubu; maksimum örnekleme yöntemi kullanılması nedeniyle farklı bölgede görev yapan 14 öğretim elemanı ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın 2. çalışma grubu ise deneysel yöntem içerisinde gözlem yapabilmek için seçilmiştir. Rus bestecilerin piyano için yazdıkları polifonik eserlerin Müzik Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dallarında seslendirme durumlarını ortaya çıkarabilmek için Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Güzel Sanatlar Eğitimi Bölümü Müzik Eğitimi Ana Bilim Dalı’nda öğrenim gören her sınıftan 4’er öğrenci olmak üzere toplam 16 öğrenci seçilmiştir. Bu araştırmada kaynak tarama, yarı yapılandırılmış öğretim elemanı görüşmesi, eser değerlendirme testi, gözlem testi ve öğrencilerin Rus bestecilerinin polifonik eserlerine yönelik beğeni anketi gibi veri toplama araçları ile elde edilen veriler, betimsel, nicel ve nitel veri çözümleme yöntemleri uygulanarak değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin istatistiksel analizi SPSS-23 paket programı kullanarak “Kendall W” testi ile yapılmıştır. Araştırma problemine ve araştırma sorularına cevap bulmak amacıyla öğretim elemanlarından ve öğrencilerden gelen veriler analiz edilmiş, çözümlenmiş, yorumlanmış ve sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, piyano eğitiminde polifonik yapıdaki eserlerin kullanılmasının büyük ölçüde Barok Dönem eserleri ile sınırlı kaldığı, Rus bestecilerin polifonik eserleri Türkiye’de tanınmadığı ve kullanılmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca bu eserlerin, diğer Barok eserlerde olduğu gibi teknik ve müzikal özellikler barındırdığı ve öğrenciye verilebilecek hedef davranışları içerdiği görülmektedir. Araştırma, Rus bestecilerin polifonik eserlerinin piyano eğitiminde kullanılmasına, eserlerin tanıtılmasına ve eğitim repertuvarına çeşitlilik kazandırılması açısından katkı sağlayacağı düşünülerek, öğrencilerin farklı stil ve karakterde polifonik eserleri çalışmaları, piyano eğitimine yönelik bakış açılarını olumlu yönde etkilemesi açısından önemlidir.
When we look at the polyphonic works used in piano education in institutions that educate music teachers in Turkey, it is seen that works with different polyphonic structures are not included, except for certain composers and works from the Baroque Period. The lack of sufficient attention to polyphonic works from other periods has caused these works not to be included in piano education. Accordingly, it is thought that the polyphonic works in Russian piano music are not sufficiently known and used. The aim of the research; To reveal the use of polyphonic works of Russian composers in piano education applied in the Music Teaching Undergraduate Program, to determine the opinions and suggestions of the experts on the subject, To determine the success levels of students' performances with these works and their liking reactions, to introduce these works as materials, to use and to disseminate them. It is thought that the research will contribute to the use of polyphonic works of Russian composers in piano education, to introduce the works and to diversify the repertoire. In addition, this study is significant in terms of students' studying polyphonic works in different styles and characters and positively affecting their perspectives on piano education. The general scanning model was used in the research, the Russian piano literature was scanned with the document analysis method, the works in the polyphonic structure were selected and listed according to the degree of difficulty considering the levels of the subjects. Following the purpose of the research, separate study groups were selected according to qualitative and quantitative techniques. As the maximum sampling method was used with the first study group of the research, interviews were conducted with 14 instructors working in different regions using semi-structured interview form. The second study group of the research was chosen to make observations in the experimental method. To reveal the playing situations of polyphonic works written by Russian composers for piano in music education departments, a total of 16 students, 4 from each class, studying in the Music Education Department of Uludag University Education Faculty Fine Arts Education Department were selected. In this research, the data collected through data collection tools such as literature review, semi-structured lecturer interview, a work evaluation test, difficulty level perception test, and students' appreciation survey for the polyphonic works of Russian composers were evaluated by applying descriptive, quantitative, and qualitative data analysis methods. Statistical analysis of the data was made with the "Kendall W" test using the SPSS-23 package program. To find answers to the research problem and research questions, the data from the instructors and students were analyzed, construed, interpreted and the results were obtained. According to the results of the research, it has been concluded that the use of polyphonic works in piano education is largely limited to the works of the Baroque Period, and the polyphonic works of Russian composers are not recognized and used in Turkey. In addition, these works, like other baroque works, contain technical and musical features and it is seen that they carry target behaviors that can be given to the student. Acknowledging that the research will contribute to the use of the polyphonic works of Russian composers in piano education, to introduce the works and to add diversity to the repertoire, it is important that students study polyphonic works in different styles and characters and positively affect their perspectives on piano education.
When we look at the polyphonic works used in piano education in institutions that educate music teachers in Turkey, it is seen that works with different polyphonic structures are not included, except for certain composers and works from the Baroque Period. The lack of sufficient attention to polyphonic works from other periods has caused these works not to be included in piano education. Accordingly, it is thought that the polyphonic works in Russian piano music are not sufficiently known and used. The aim of the research; To reveal the use of polyphonic works of Russian composers in piano education applied in the Music Teaching Undergraduate Program, to determine the opinions and suggestions of the experts on the subject, To determine the success levels of students' performances with these works and their liking reactions, to introduce these works as materials, to use and to disseminate them. It is thought that the research will contribute to the use of polyphonic works of Russian composers in piano education, to introduce the works and to diversify the repertoire. In addition, this study is significant in terms of students' studying polyphonic works in different styles and characters and positively affecting their perspectives on piano education. The general scanning model was used in the research, the Russian piano literature was scanned with the document analysis method, the works in the polyphonic structure were selected and listed according to the degree of difficulty considering the levels of the subjects. Following the purpose of the research, separate study groups were selected according to qualitative and quantitative techniques. As the maximum sampling method was used with the first study group of the research, interviews were conducted with 14 instructors working in different regions using semi-structured interview form. The second study group of the research was chosen to make observations in the experimental method. To reveal the playing situations of polyphonic works written by Russian composers for piano in music education departments, a total of 16 students, 4 from each class, studying in the Music Education Department of Uludag University Education Faculty Fine Arts Education Department were selected. In this research, the data collected through data collection tools such as literature review, semi-structured lecturer interview, a work evaluation test, difficulty level perception test, and students' appreciation survey for the polyphonic works of Russian composers were evaluated by applying descriptive, quantitative, and qualitative data analysis methods. Statistical analysis of the data was made with the "Kendall W" test using the SPSS-23 package program. To find answers to the research problem and research questions, the data from the instructors and students were analyzed, construed, interpreted and the results were obtained. According to the results of the research, it has been concluded that the use of polyphonic works in piano education is largely limited to the works of the Baroque Period, and the polyphonic works of Russian composers are not recognized and used in Turkey. In addition, these works, like other baroque works, contain technical and musical features and it is seen that they carry target behaviors that can be given to the student. Acknowledging that the research will contribute to the use of the polyphonic works of Russian composers in piano education, to introduce the works and to add diversity to the repertoire, it is important that students study polyphonic works in different styles and characters and positively affect their perspectives on piano education.
Description
Keywords
Müzik öğretmeni adayları, Piyano eğitimi, Piyano repertuvarı, Rus bestecilerin polifonik eserleri, Music teacher candidates, Piano education, Piano repertoire, Polyphonic works of Russian composers
Citation
Özer, N. (2021). Rus bestecilerin polifonik yapıdaki eserlerinin piyano eğitiminde hedeflerin gerçekleştirilmesine yönelik etkisinin belirlenmesi. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü.