Farklı pestisitlerin ve karışımlarının önemli zeytin zararlılarına olan etkilerinin belirlenmesi
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Date
2019-09-06
Authors
Kılınç, Gözde
Journal Title
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Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu çalışma 2017-2018 yılları arasında Bursa ili Orhangazi ilçesi Gemiç köyü yakınlarında bulunan bir zeytin bahçesinde yürütülmüştür. Bu tez çalışmasıyla, iki yıl boyunca bölgede ana zararlı olan Zeytin güvesi Prays oleae (Bernard) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) ve Zeytin pamuklu biti’ne Euphyllura phillyreae (Foester) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) karşı zeytinin ve zararlının fenolojisi açısından en uygun dönemde insektisit ve insektisit karışımlarının uygulanması sonucu zararlıların popülasyon seviyelerine, zarar oranlarına, zeytin verimine, zeytin kalibrasyonuna (irilik açısından kalite düzeyi) ve zeytinin ekonomik katkısına (ağaç başına ortalama gelir) etkisi belirlenmiştir. Zeytin pamuklu biti mücadelesi için yapılan denmelerde dimethoate, dimethoate + bakır, pyriproxyfen, abamectin ve spirotetramat etken maddeli ticari formülasyonlardan dimethoate istatistiki anlamda daha etkili bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, dimethoate içerisine bakır karıştırılması insektisin etkisini önemli derecede düşürmüştür. Zeytin güvesinin hem çiçek hem meyve dölü mücadelesi için 6 insektisit ve insektisit karışımının (dimethoate + dimilin, dimethoate + dimilin + bakır, chlorantraniliprole + abamectin, chlorantraniliprole + lambda-cyhalothrin, acetamiprid + lambda-cyhalothrin ve emamectin benzoate) etkisi belirlenmiştir. Denemeler sonucu, zararlının hem çiçek hem de meyve dölü popülasyonlarında ve verimde emamectin benzoate daha yüksek etkiye sahip olurken, diflubenzuron + dimethoate + bakır karışımı diğer tüm ilaçlara göre çok daha az etkili bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, zeytin güvesi ve zeytin pamuklu biti için uygulanan farklı insektisit ve insektisit karışımlarının zararlıların popülasyon düzeyini ve zarar oranını istatistiki anlamda farklı düzeyde etkilediği görülmüştür. Kontrol ve dimilin + dimethoate + bakır karışımı uygulanan parsellerinde diğer parsellere göre daha az zeytin elde edilmesine rağmen zeytin kalibrasyonu istatistiki anlamda daha iri olmuştur. İnsektisit uygulanan parsellerden elde edilen sonuçlarda emamectin benzoate ve chlorantraniliprole + abamectin etken maddeli insektisit karışımı uygulanan parsellerde zeytin verimi ve gelir düzeyi daha yüksek bulunmuştur
This study was carried out in the olive grove near Gemiç village of Orhangazi district of Bursa province in 2017-2018. In this thesis, we determined the differences in the pest populations, damage rates, olive yield, olive calibration (quality level in terms of size) and olive's economic contribution (average income per tree) with the application of insecticide and insecticide mixtures against the main pests, olive moth Prays oleae (Bernard) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) and olive psyllid Euphyllura phillyreae (Foester) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), in the most appropriate phonological periods of both olive tree and pests during two years. Among dimethoate, dimethoate + bakır, pyriproxyfen, abamectin ve spirotetramat formulations, dimethoate was found to be significantly more effective in the control of olive psyllid. Copper addition into dimethoate significantly reduced the effect of the insecticide in the control of olive psyllid. For the control of both antro- and carpophagous generations of olive moth, it was determined the effects of six insecticides and insecticide mixtures (dimethoate + dimilin, dimethoate + dimilin + bakır, chlorantraniliprole + abamectin, chlorantraniliprole + lambda-cyhalothrin, acetamiprid + lambda-cyhalothrin ve emamectin benzoate). Emamectin benzoate was found to be statistically more effective in pest populations and olive yield compared with the control parcel. In addition, diflubenzuron + dimethoate + copper mixture was found to be less effective compared other insecticide parcels. As a result, it has been observed that different insecticide and insecticide mixtures applied for olive moth and olive psyllid have got statistical different effects in the population levels and damage rates of pests. Although the control and dimilin + dimethoate + copper parcels produced less olives than the other parcels, olive calibration was significantly larger. In the results obtained from the parcels applied insecticide, emamectin benzoate and chlorantraniliprole + abamectin active ingredient insecticide mixture was found to have the highest olive yield.
This study was carried out in the olive grove near Gemiç village of Orhangazi district of Bursa province in 2017-2018. In this thesis, we determined the differences in the pest populations, damage rates, olive yield, olive calibration (quality level in terms of size) and olive's economic contribution (average income per tree) with the application of insecticide and insecticide mixtures against the main pests, olive moth Prays oleae (Bernard) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) and olive psyllid Euphyllura phillyreae (Foester) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), in the most appropriate phonological periods of both olive tree and pests during two years. Among dimethoate, dimethoate + bakır, pyriproxyfen, abamectin ve spirotetramat formulations, dimethoate was found to be significantly more effective in the control of olive psyllid. Copper addition into dimethoate significantly reduced the effect of the insecticide in the control of olive psyllid. For the control of both antro- and carpophagous generations of olive moth, it was determined the effects of six insecticides and insecticide mixtures (dimethoate + dimilin, dimethoate + dimilin + bakır, chlorantraniliprole + abamectin, chlorantraniliprole + lambda-cyhalothrin, acetamiprid + lambda-cyhalothrin ve emamectin benzoate). Emamectin benzoate was found to be statistically more effective in pest populations and olive yield compared with the control parcel. In addition, diflubenzuron + dimethoate + copper mixture was found to be less effective compared other insecticide parcels. As a result, it has been observed that different insecticide and insecticide mixtures applied for olive moth and olive psyllid have got statistical different effects in the population levels and damage rates of pests. Although the control and dimilin + dimethoate + copper parcels produced less olives than the other parcels, olive calibration was significantly larger. In the results obtained from the parcels applied insecticide, emamectin benzoate and chlorantraniliprole + abamectin active ingredient insecticide mixture was found to have the highest olive yield.
Description
Keywords
İnsektisit, Incecticide and inseticide mixtures, İnsektisit karışımları, Olive moth, Olive psyllid, Damage, Population, Yield, Zeytin güvesi, Zeytin pamuklu biti, Zarar, Popülasyon, Verim
Citation
Kılınç, G. (2019). Farklı pestisitlerin ve karışımlarının önemli zeytin zararlılarına olan etkilerinin belirlenmesi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.