Publication: Arşiv belgeleri ışığında Bursa Hudâvendigâr Külliyesi
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Authors
Authors
Çakıcı, Nagehan
Advisor
Hızlı, Mefail
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Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Osmanlı Devleti’nin kuruluşu aşamasında fethedilen şehirlerde külliye olarak adlandırılan yapı topluluğu inşa edilmek suretiyle şehrin imarı ve genişlemesi amaçlanmıştır. Bunlardan biri olan Hudâvendigâr Külliyesi de üçüncü Osmanlı padişahı I. Murad Hudâvendigâr tarafından Bursa’da yaptırılmıştır. Çekirge semtinde inşa edilen bu yapı topluluğu Osmanlı’nın ilk başkentinin, batıya doğru gelişmesini sağlamıştır. Arşiv Belgeleri Işığında Bursa Hudâvendigâr Külliyesi konusunu ele alan bu çalışma, kuruluşundan günümüze külliyenin birimlerini, ekonomik ve sosyal yapısının işleyişini ortaya çıkarmayı hedeflemektedir. Ayrıca tezde elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda külliyenin işleyişi ve etkinliği belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada öncelikli başvuru kaynakları Cumhurbaşkanlığı Osmanlı Arşiv Belgeleri ve Bursa Şer‘iyye Sicilleri olmuştur. Bununla birlikte Osmanlı Tarihi ve Bursa Araştırmaları çerçevesinde eserlere de müracaat edilmiştir. Bursa Hudâvendigâr Külliyesi, zâviyeli cami ve üst katında medresenin birleştirildiği özgün binası merkez olmak üzere imaret, hamam ve türbeden oluşmaktadır. Araştırdığımız külliyeyi farklı kılan özelliklerin başında mimârî özelliği, inşa edildiği konum ve coğrafyanın topoğrafik yapısı dikkat çekmektedir. Şehrin dokusu gözetildiğinde külliyenin inşası önemli bir dönüm noktası olmuştur. Ayrıca geniş vakıf arazilerinden elde edilen gelirlerle desteklenen külliyenin, bu sayede günümüze dek varlığını koruduğu görülmektedir.
During the establishment phase of the Ottoman Empire, a complex of buildings known as a "complex" was constructed in the conquered cities to aid in the development and expansion of the city. The Hudâvendigâr Külliye which is one of them was built by the third Ottoman sultan, Murad I (Hudâvendigâr) at Bursa. This complex, located in the Çekirge district, facilitated the westward expansion of Bursa, the first capital of the Ottomans. This study, which addresses the Bursa Hudâvendigâr Complex in the light of archival documents, aims to reveal the units of the complex, its economic and social structure, and its functioning from its inception to the present day. Additionally, based on the data obtained in our research, the functioning and effectiveness of the complex have been evaluated. The primary sources for our research were the Prime Ministry Ottoman Archives and Bursa Şer‘iyye Registers. Furthermore, works within the framework of Ottoman History and Bursa Studies were also consulted. The Bursa Hudâvendigâr Complex consists of a unique building that combines a mosque with a zâviye (dervish lodge) on the ground floor and a madrasah on the upper floor, an imaret (soup kitchen), a bathhouse, and a tomb. Notable features that distinguish the complex include its architectural characteristics, its location, and the topography of the surrounding geography. Considering the urban texture, the construction of the külliye marked a significant milestone. Moreover, the complex has been supported by revenues generated from extensive waqf (endowed) lands, allowing it to survive to this day.
During the establishment phase of the Ottoman Empire, a complex of buildings known as a "complex" was constructed in the conquered cities to aid in the development and expansion of the city. The Hudâvendigâr Külliye which is one of them was built by the third Ottoman sultan, Murad I (Hudâvendigâr) at Bursa. This complex, located in the Çekirge district, facilitated the westward expansion of Bursa, the first capital of the Ottomans. This study, which addresses the Bursa Hudâvendigâr Complex in the light of archival documents, aims to reveal the units of the complex, its economic and social structure, and its functioning from its inception to the present day. Additionally, based on the data obtained in our research, the functioning and effectiveness of the complex have been evaluated. The primary sources for our research were the Prime Ministry Ottoman Archives and Bursa Şer‘iyye Registers. Furthermore, works within the framework of Ottoman History and Bursa Studies were also consulted. The Bursa Hudâvendigâr Complex consists of a unique building that combines a mosque with a zâviye (dervish lodge) on the ground floor and a madrasah on the upper floor, an imaret (soup kitchen), a bathhouse, and a tomb. Notable features that distinguish the complex include its architectural characteristics, its location, and the topography of the surrounding geography. Considering the urban texture, the construction of the külliye marked a significant milestone. Moreover, the complex has been supported by revenues generated from extensive waqf (endowed) lands, allowing it to survive to this day.
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Keywords
Osmanlı Devleti, Bursa, I. Murad, Vakıf, Hudâvendigâr külliyesi, Ottoman Empire, Murad I, Waqf, Hudâvendigâr complex