Fenomenolojide beden problemi: Husserl, Sartre ve Merleau-Ponty
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Date
2016-06-13
Authors
Esenyel, M. Zeynep
Journal Title
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Fenomenoloji, bedenin "dünya içindeki varlık" olduğu tespitiyle, klasik zihin-beden düalizmi karşısında eleştirel bir tavır alır. Kartezyen geleneğin bedene nesne olarak yaklaşımının aksine fenomenoloji, bedeni birinci şahıs açısından ele alarak, bedenin öznelliğini vurgular. Bu anlamda fenomenoloji geleneği, bilincin, bir şeyin bilinci olmak için bir bedende vücut bulması gerektiğine işaret eder ve yaşayan, "öz-bedeni" merkeze alır. Öz-beden kavramı, bedenin maddi boyutunu da dışlamamakla beraber, onun yaşamsallığını vurgularken, bedenin salt bir nesne olarak ele alınan önceki yorumlarının indirgemeci tavırlarına karşı bir tepkidir. Bu çalışma Husserl, Sartre ve Merleau-Ponty'nin beden kavramlarını karşılaştırarak, beden problemini farklı bir perspektiften yorumlamayı amaçlamaktadır.
Phenomenology, by introducing body as the "being in the world", criticizes the classical mind-body dualism. In contrast to the Cartesian tradition, which treats body as an object, phenomenology holds body from a personal perspective and emphasizes on its subjectivity. In this sense, phenomenological tradition points that consciousness in order to be conscious of something, must be incarnated into a body and focuses on the living, "own-body". The concept of own-body, not only includes the materiality of body, but also underlines its liveness and reacts to the previous reductionist attitudes which examine body merely as an object. This work aims at interpreting the problem of body from a different perspective by comparing the concept of body in Husserl, Sartre and Merleau-Ponty.
Phenomenology, by introducing body as the "being in the world", criticizes the classical mind-body dualism. In contrast to the Cartesian tradition, which treats body as an object, phenomenology holds body from a personal perspective and emphasizes on its subjectivity. In this sense, phenomenological tradition points that consciousness in order to be conscious of something, must be incarnated into a body and focuses on the living, "own-body". The concept of own-body, not only includes the materiality of body, but also underlines its liveness and reacts to the previous reductionist attitudes which examine body merely as an object. This work aims at interpreting the problem of body from a different perspective by comparing the concept of body in Husserl, Sartre and Merleau-Ponty.
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Keywords
Fenomenoloji, Öz-Beden, Vücut bulma, Algı, Bilinç, Sartre, Merleau-Ponty, Phenomenology, Own-body, Incarnation, Perception, Consciousness, Husserl
Citation
Esenyel, M. Z. (2016). Fenomenolojide beden problemi: Husserl, Sartre ve Merleau-Ponty. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.