Medya, çocuk ve din eğitimi
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Date
2004
Authors
Aksu, Ayşe Betül
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Çocukluk, kimlik ve kişilik oluşumunun gerçekleştiği ve bireylerin, toplumun üyesi olma vasfım kazandığı bir süreçtir. Bu sürece; doğuştan gelen özellikler, aile, okul ve toplumsal çevrenin yanısıra medya türleri de etkide bulunmaktadır. Özellikle televizyon, etkileri çokça tartışılan bir medya türü olarak toplumun gündemine sık sık gelmektedir. Bu araştırma; televizyon-çocuk ilişkisini, aileyi de göz önünde bulundurarak incelemektedir. Konuyla ilgili olarak incelenen sorular şunlardır: Çocukların televizyon izleme sebepleri nelerdir? Ailece en çok ne tür programlar izlenmektedir? Ailelerin çocuklarının televizyon izlemeleriyle ilgili tutumları nasıldır? Aileler televizyonda izlenen programlan çocuklarıyla konuşmakta mıdır? Çocuklar için aile mi televizyon mu daha güvenilir bir kaynaktır? Çocukların ve ailelerinin televizyondaki dinî programları izleme ve dinleme durumu nasıldır? Çocuklar televizyonda dinî inanç ve pratikleri gösteren kendilerine yönelik programlar görmek istemekte midir? Çocuklar televizyonda gördükleri dinî kimlik taşıyan karakterlerle ilgili neler düşünmektedir? Çocuklar dinî konularda bilgi almak için, en çok hangi medya türüne yönelmektedir? Bütün bu problemleri inceleyen araştırma; teorik ve ampirik olmak üzere iki yol izlemektedir. Öncelikle medya ve bir medya türü olan televizyon, ardından çocuk kavramı ve çocukluk dönemi özellikleri teorik olarak ele alınmaktadır. Ayrıca dinî yayın, din eğitimi, çocuk-aile ve çocuk-televizyon ilişkisi hakkında genel bilgiler verilmektedir. Ardından bu bilgiler ampirik olarak ele alınmaktadır. Bu noktada ilköğretim 5-6 ve 7. sınıflarda öğrenim gören 11-12 ve 13 yaşlarındaki toplam 480 öğrenciye uygulanan anket sonuçlan değerlendirilmektedir. Araştırmanın bu bölümünde; anket verilerinin kaydedilmesi ve değerlendirilmesinde Statistica/Win5.5 programı kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca tablolar Microsoft/Excel 2000 programında, grafikler yine Statistica programında yapılmıştır. Hipotezlerin test edilmesinde "ki kare" (chi- square) hipotez test etme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma neticesinde şu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır:. Çocuklar; bilgi edinmek, can sıkıntısını gidermek ve boş zamanlarım değerlendirmek gibi maksatlarla televizyon izlemektedirler. Ailece en çok izlenen program türü, sinema ve dizi filmlerdir. Evlerde televizyon genellikle hep birlikte izlenmektedir. Anne-babalar birlikte izledikleri programlan bazen çocuklarıyla konuşmaktadırlar. Çocuklar, izledikleri programlan konuşmak için genellikle arkadaşlarını tercih etmektedirler. Çocuklar için en güvenilir kaynak, anne-babalardır. Televizyon bu konuda çok gerilerdedir. Çocukların pek çoğu dini konularda bilgi almak için kitap ve dergilere başvururken, televizyona müracaat edenler ikinci sırada yer almaktadır. Çocuklar, dinin inanç ve ibadet boyutunu tanıtan kendilerine yönelik programlan televizyonda görmek istemektedirler. Televizyon programlarında yer alan dini kimlik taşıyan karakterler çocukları olumsuz yönde etkilememektedir. Ailelerin sosyo-kültürel seviyesinin yükselmesiyle, çocukların dini programlara yönelme oranında düşüş olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Annenin öğrenim seviyesinin yükselmesiyle çocukların dini programlan tercih oranında düşüş olduğu görülmüştür. Babanın öğrenim durumunun bu konuya etkisinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Annesi ev hanımı olan çocukların, dışarıda çalışan annelerin çocuklarına oranla dini programlarla daha fazla ilgilendikleri görülmüştür. Baba mesleğinin bu konuda belirleyici olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Cinsiyet ve yaşın, çocukların televizyonda dini programlar görme isteğine etkide bulunmadığı belirlenmiştir. Kısacası çocuklar genel olarak; televizyonla ilgili olarak dini nitelikli program beklentisi içerisindedirler. Televizyonda dini programlar yer almalı mıdır? Yer alacaksa, bu nasıl olmalıdır? Çocuk-televizyon-din-ilişkisinde anne-babalara, din eğitimcilerine ve program yapımcılarına düşen görevler nelerdir? Bu sorular da sonuç bölümünde cevaplandırılmış ve öneriler getirilmiştir.
Childhood is a process in which identity and personality of the child is formed, and eventually he/she becomes a member of society. This process is influenced by various factors such as peculiarities brought from the birth, family, school and social environment as well as different types of the media. Especially the effects of television are widely discussed and continue to be a popular subject of debate in society. This study looks at the relationship between the child and television as well as the role of family in this relationship. The following questions frame the central theme of this research: Why do children watch TV? What kind of programmes do they watch TV with their families? What are the family's attitudes towards the children watching TV? Do parents speak to their children about the programmes watched on TV? Is it TV or family that becomes a reliable source for children? Do children and their family watch religious programmes? Do children prefer to watch religious programmes covering faith and practical worship? What do children think about religious characters on TV programmes? What kind of media do they mostly tend to get religious instruction from? This work deals with its subject in both theoretical and empirical ways. First, it engages in the definition and nature of the media, especially television, and then explains the characteristics of childhood period. It also presents descriptive analysis of religious media, and the relationship between children and family as well as children and television. This theoretical background is furthered and supported by partial fieldwork based on questionnaires. The questionnaire was been administired to 480 students between the ages of 11-12 and 13 at the level of year 5-6 and 7 among the primary and secondary school children. The results were analysed by Statistica/Win5.5. Tables were produced in Microsoft/Excel 2000, while charts were made in Statistica. The hypotheses were checked by the use of chi-square. IVIn this study the following results were reached: Children watch TV to get information, spend spare time, and get rid off their boredom. They watch films, soap operas with their family. TV is generally watched together at homes. Parents sometimes speak to their children about the films which they watch together. Children would rather speak to their friends about the films which they watched. The most reliable source for children is their parents. TV is at the end of the realiability list. While the majority of children use books and magazines to get religious information, those who rely on TV are in the second row. Many children want to watch programmes particularly made for themselves, and that introduces religious faith and worship. The religious characters in TV programmes do not influence children badly. When the level of social culture of a family rises, the rate of watching religious programmes of these families has discreased. When the level of mother's education rises, it is seen that the rate of preferring religious programme for kids discreases. It is seen that the level of father's education does not influence this situation. It is seen that children whose mothers are housewives watch religious programmes much more than the children whose mothers work outside? Father's job does not influence the child's interests for TV programmes. Age and sex do not influence the desire of watching religious programmes. Children generally seem to expect to see religious programmes on TV. The study draws conclusions and presents suggestions in various aspects through answering the following questions: Should religious programmes be shown on TV? How should it be if it is shown? What are the duties of parents, religious educators, programme makers in terms of the relationship between children, TV and religion.
Childhood is a process in which identity and personality of the child is formed, and eventually he/she becomes a member of society. This process is influenced by various factors such as peculiarities brought from the birth, family, school and social environment as well as different types of the media. Especially the effects of television are widely discussed and continue to be a popular subject of debate in society. This study looks at the relationship between the child and television as well as the role of family in this relationship. The following questions frame the central theme of this research: Why do children watch TV? What kind of programmes do they watch TV with their families? What are the family's attitudes towards the children watching TV? Do parents speak to their children about the programmes watched on TV? Is it TV or family that becomes a reliable source for children? Do children and their family watch religious programmes? Do children prefer to watch religious programmes covering faith and practical worship? What do children think about religious characters on TV programmes? What kind of media do they mostly tend to get religious instruction from? This work deals with its subject in both theoretical and empirical ways. First, it engages in the definition and nature of the media, especially television, and then explains the characteristics of childhood period. It also presents descriptive analysis of religious media, and the relationship between children and family as well as children and television. This theoretical background is furthered and supported by partial fieldwork based on questionnaires. The questionnaire was been administired to 480 students between the ages of 11-12 and 13 at the level of year 5-6 and 7 among the primary and secondary school children. The results were analysed by Statistica/Win5.5. Tables were produced in Microsoft/Excel 2000, while charts were made in Statistica. The hypotheses were checked by the use of chi-square. IVIn this study the following results were reached: Children watch TV to get information, spend spare time, and get rid off their boredom. They watch films, soap operas with their family. TV is generally watched together at homes. Parents sometimes speak to their children about the films which they watch together. Children would rather speak to their friends about the films which they watched. The most reliable source for children is their parents. TV is at the end of the realiability list. While the majority of children use books and magazines to get religious information, those who rely on TV are in the second row. Many children want to watch programmes particularly made for themselves, and that introduces religious faith and worship. The religious characters in TV programmes do not influence children badly. When the level of social culture of a family rises, the rate of watching religious programmes of these families has discreased. When the level of mother's education rises, it is seen that the rate of preferring religious programme for kids discreases. It is seen that the level of father's education does not influence this situation. It is seen that children whose mothers are housewives watch religious programmes much more than the children whose mothers work outside? Father's job does not influence the child's interests for TV programmes. Age and sex do not influence the desire of watching religious programmes. Children generally seem to expect to see religious programmes on TV. The study draws conclusions and presents suggestions in various aspects through answering the following questions: Should religious programmes be shown on TV? How should it be if it is shown? What are the duties of parents, religious educators, programme makers in terms of the relationship between children, TV and religion.
Description
Keywords
Çocuk, Medya, Televizyon, Dini eğitim, Child, Media, Television, Religious education
Citation
Aksu, A. B. (2004). Medya, çocuk ve din eğitimi. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.