Ebû Hayyân el-Endelûsî'nin el-Bahru'l-Muhît'inde kırâat olgusu
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Date
2014-06-19
Authors
Uludaş, İbrahim
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Ebû Hayyân el-Endelûsî'nin el-Bahru'l-Muhît adlı tefsîri kırâatlar açısından önemli bir yere sahiptir. Çalışmamızda bu tefsîri, kırâatlar açısından incelemeye gayret ettik. Müellif 654/1256 tarihinde Gırnata'da doğdu. İlim hayatı 25 yaşına kadar Endülüs bölgesinde sürdü. Daha sonra doğuya yaptığı zorunlu seyahatin sonunda Mısır'a yerleşti. Vefat ettiği tarih olan 745/1344'e kadar burada hayatını devam ettirdi. Yaşadığı dönemin en büyük dil ve kırâat âlimlerinden olan Ebû Hayyân; gerek Endülüs bölgesinde gerekse Mısır bölgesinde birçok hocadan ilim tahsîl etti. Daha sonra kendisi de birçok ilim alanında dersler vererek öğrenciler yetiştirdi. Müellif; bir yandan talebe yetiştirirken diğer yandan da gramer, kırâat, edebiyat, tefsîr, tarih, fıkıh ve hadîs alanlarında da birçok eserler kaleme aldı. Ebû Hayyân tefsîrini Mısır'a yerleştikten sonra, 710/1311 yılında telif etmeye başlamış ve yaklaşık olarak 17 sene gibi uzun bir zaman içerisinde bitirebilmiştir. Müellifin kaleme aldığı son eserlerinden olan bu eser, içerdiği kırâatlar açısından çok zengin olup, bir kırâat ansiklopedisi mahiyetini taşımaktadır. Genellikle âyetlerde geçen sahîh ya da şâzz kabul edilen kırâat vecihlerine yer vermiştir. Bu kırâatların i'râbını yapmış; bunlarla ilgili daha önceki âlimlerin görüşlerini zikretmiş ve tartışmalı konulara değinmiştir. Ebû Hayyân Kırâat-i Seb'a'nın sağlam senetlerle bizlere ulaştığını ve mütevâtir olduklarını kabul etmiş ve bunların hepsinin Kur'ân olduğunu belirtmiştir. Sağlam senetlerle Peygamberimizden gelen Mütevâtir kırâatlar arasında tercih yapmanın gereksiz olduğunu da zikretmiştir. Şâzz kırâatlara da değinmiş ve bunları tefsîrinde malzeme olarak kullanmıştır. Bu çalışmamızda el-Bahru'l- Muhît'in kırâatlar açısından incelenerek önemini ortaya koymak hedeflenmiştir.
El-Bahrul Muhit-a commentary on the Koran- by Ebû Hayyan el-Endelusi has an important place on aspect of qıraat. İn this study we have tried to investigate this commentary according to aspect of Kıraat. Author was born in 654/1256 in Gırnata. His education went on in Endulus region up to age of 25. After that at the end of an obligatory journey to the east he settled in Egypt. He went on rest of his life in Egypt until the date of death 745/1344. EBÛ Hayyan who was one of the greatest scholar of language and qıraat in his era got an education from many scholars both in Endulus and Egypt. Then He educated many students by lecturing on many fields of science. While Author was educating students he has also written out many books from the fields of grammar, qıraat, literature, commentary, history and hadis. After settling in Egypt the author has started to write his commentary in 710/1311 and completed in a long time as about 17 years. This commentary which was one of the last works written out by author is very rich on the aspects of qıraat and carries true nature of a qıraat encyclopedia. He has included qıraat ways accepted as sahih or şazz in versus. He has done irab of qıraat, mentioned the opinions of former scholars and touched on disputatious matters. The author has accepted that qıraat seba was reached with reliable evidences and was told by many people and has clarified that all of kıraat seba are Koran. He has also mentioned that it is useless to prefer one qıraat to another which comes from our prophet with reliable evidences. In addition to this, he referred to şazz kıraat and used those in his commentary as data. In this study it has been aimed to investigate el bahrul muhit according to aspect of qıraat and put forth its importance for consideration.
El-Bahrul Muhit-a commentary on the Koran- by Ebû Hayyan el-Endelusi has an important place on aspect of qıraat. İn this study we have tried to investigate this commentary according to aspect of Kıraat. Author was born in 654/1256 in Gırnata. His education went on in Endulus region up to age of 25. After that at the end of an obligatory journey to the east he settled in Egypt. He went on rest of his life in Egypt until the date of death 745/1344. EBÛ Hayyan who was one of the greatest scholar of language and qıraat in his era got an education from many scholars both in Endulus and Egypt. Then He educated many students by lecturing on many fields of science. While Author was educating students he has also written out many books from the fields of grammar, qıraat, literature, commentary, history and hadis. After settling in Egypt the author has started to write his commentary in 710/1311 and completed in a long time as about 17 years. This commentary which was one of the last works written out by author is very rich on the aspects of qıraat and carries true nature of a qıraat encyclopedia. He has included qıraat ways accepted as sahih or şazz in versus. He has done irab of qıraat, mentioned the opinions of former scholars and touched on disputatious matters. The author has accepted that qıraat seba was reached with reliable evidences and was told by many people and has clarified that all of kıraat seba are Koran. He has also mentioned that it is useless to prefer one qıraat to another which comes from our prophet with reliable evidences. In addition to this, he referred to şazz kıraat and used those in his commentary as data. In this study it has been aimed to investigate el bahrul muhit according to aspect of qıraat and put forth its importance for consideration.
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Keywords
Ebû Hayyân, Kırâat, Tefsir, Sahih, Şazz, El-Bahru’l- Muhît, Qıraat, Commentary, Al-Bahr Al-Muhit
Citation
Uludaş, İ. (2014). Ebû Hayyân el-Endelûsî'nin el-Bahru'l-Muhît'inde kırâat olgusu. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.