Muhafazakârlık ve sosyal değişme (Muhafazakâr Düşünce dergisi örneği)
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Date
2021-08-06
Authors
Ademi, Zefir
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Muhafazakârlık ve sosyal değişme olgularını ele alan bu çalışma, Muhafazakâr Düşünce dergisi kapsamında modernleşme sürecini ve karşısında gelişen muhafazakâr refleksi soyo-kültürel temalar zemininde incelemeyi, Türk toplumunda ve özellikle Cumhuriyet döneminde belirginleşen muhafazakâr-modern tartışmaların felsefi arka planını ortaya koymayı, bu süreçte ortaya çıkan sorunların anlaşılmasına katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır ve üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Giriş kısmında, araştırmanın konusu, amacı, önemi, problemi, araştırmanın soruları, kapsam ve sınırlıkları, yöntem ve teknikleri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Birinci bölümde, muhafazakârlık ve sosyal değişme kavramlarının literatürde ifade ettikleri anlamlardan söz edilmiştir. Bölümün ilk kısmında sosyal değişmenin ilerlemesi, çözülmesi ve bütünleşmesi gibi farklı anlamlarından bahsedilmiş, onu etkileyen faktörlerden ve onu tanımlayan sosyal değişme kuramları hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. İkinci kısmında ise muhafazakârlık kavramı ele alınmış, genel bir tanıma sahip olmadığı zamana, mekâna, topluma göre şekillenen farklı anlamları taşıdığı belirtilmiştir. İkinci bölümde ilk başta genel olarak süreli yayınlardan bahsedilmiş ve bu kapsamda Muhafazakâr Düşünce dergisinin niteliklerine, yazar kadrosuna ve barındırdığı çalışma türlerine değinilmiştir. Daha sonra ise dergide yayınlanan çalışmalar çerçevesinde sosyal değişmeye olumlu tepki veren değişim, akıl, birey, mülkiyet ve otorite gibi sosyo-kültürel temalar analiz edilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde bünyesinde değişime uğrayan yönü barındırmakla birlikte statik ve değişmeyen tarafı içeren temalar ele alınmıştır. Bu bölümde dergi kapsamında din, gelenek, aile, toplum ve ahlak gibi temalar tahlil edilmiştir. Mezkûr temalara baktığımızda strüktürlerinde geçmişten gelen ve günümüzde de değişmeyen bir öz barındırdıkları anlaşılmaktadır. Aynı zamanda bu temaların diğer bir özelliği de değişmeyen özden farklı modern yorumlarının bulunmasıdır. Dolayısıyla statik temaların değişmeyen ve değişebilen iki yöne sahip olduklarına dikkat çekilmiştir. Sonuç kısmında ise, araştırma evrenini oluşturan Muhafazakâr Düşünce dergisi kapsamında muhafazakârlık ve sosyal değişme olgularının belirginleştiği ve sönük kaldığı sosyo-kültürel temalar bağlamında, zıt gibi görünen bu iki düşünce ekolünün düşünce tarihinde bir madalyonun iki yüzü olarak geliştikleri, ikisinin de Aydınlanma düşüncesinin ürünü oldukları dikkat çekilmiştir. Birbirine karşıt gibi görünen bu iki düşünce sisteminin mülkiyet teması konusunda uzlaşmacı, akıl ve değişim temaları konusunda kısmen uzlaşmacı tavır sergiledikleri, analiz edilen diğer temalarda ters düştükleri tespit edilmiştir. Türk toplumunda sosyal değişmenin modernleşme yanlısı ulusçu bir ideoloji olarak yansıdığı, muhafazakarlığın ise dini değerlere sahip çıkma ve devam ettirme eğilimi olarak anlaşıldığı belirtilmiştir. Devletin resmî ideolojisi haline gelen modernleşme zihniyetinin geçmişte muhafazakarlığa jakoben bir tutumla yaklaştığı, günümüzde ise muhafazakarlığa karşı uzlaşmacı bir eğilim sergilendiği, muhafazakarlığın ise Türk toplumunda ilk başta değişime karşı katı ve yenilikleri reddeden bir tavır sergilediği ancak zamanla bu tavrının yerini, özellikle teknoloji ve bilim alanlarında değişimi kabul eden, ahlak konusunda temkinli olunması gerektiği savunan yeni bir tutuma bıraktığı saptanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda Muhafazakâr Düşünce dergisinin değişim konusunda niçin, nasıl ve nereye sorularını sorduktan sonra değişimin kontrollü olması gerektiğini belirttiği ifade edilmiştir.
This study, which deals with the concepts of conservatism and social change focuses, within the scope of the Case of Conservative Thought, on analyzing the modernization process and the conservative reflex that developed against it, on the grounds of socio-cultural themes, revealing the philosophical background of conservative-modern debates, which became evident in Turkish society especially during the republican period, contributing to the understanding of the problems arose during this period and it is composed of three parts. In the introduction part, information about the subject of the research, its purpose, importance, problem, research questions, scope and limitations, methods and techniques is given. In the first part, the concepts of conservatism’s and social change’s meanings in the literature are mentioned. In the first part of the chapter; different meanings such as progress, dissociation, coalescing of social change are mentioned and some ınformation about the factors effecting it and social change hypothesis defining it. In the second part, conservatism is dealt with and it is stated that it has different meanings which take form in line with the society when it does not have a general definition. In the second part, in the beginning, periodicals are mentioned in general, and in this context, the characteristics of the Case of Conservative Thought, its writer staff and the types of studies it includes are mentioned. Then, within the framework of the studies published in the journal, socio-cultural themes such as change, mind, individual, property and authority that respond positively to social change were analyzed. In the third chapter, the themes that include the static and unchanging side, as well as the changing aspect, are discussed. In this chapter, themes such as religion, tradition, family, society and morality are analyzed within the scope of the magazine. When we look at the aforementioned themes, it is understood that their structure contain an essence that comes from the past and does not change today. At the same time, another feature of these themes is the fact that they have modern interpretations in contrast to the unchanging essence. In the conclusion part, in the context of socio-cultural themes in which the phenomena of conservatism and social change became evident and faded within the scope of the Case of Conservative Thought, the fact that these two schools of thought, which seem to be opposite, have developed as two sides of a coin in the history of thought and both are the products of the thought of Enlightenment, the fact that these two thought systems, which seem to be completely opposite, exhibit a conciliatory attitude on the themes of property, and change and they confront in other themes analyzed, the fact that in Turkish society, social change is reflected as a pro-modern nationalist ideology, conservatism is expressed as a tendency to protect and maintain religious values, the fact that the modernization mindset, which has become the official ideology of the state, has approached conservatism with a Jacobin attitude in the past, and today it exhibits a conciliatory tendency against conservatism, while conservatism initially exhibited a strict and rejecting attitude towards change in Turkish society, but this attitude was replaced by a change in technology and science, especially in the fields of technology and science, the fact that the Case of Conservative Thought asked why, how and where questions about the subject of change, and stated that change should be controlled are stated.
This study, which deals with the concepts of conservatism and social change focuses, within the scope of the Case of Conservative Thought, on analyzing the modernization process and the conservative reflex that developed against it, on the grounds of socio-cultural themes, revealing the philosophical background of conservative-modern debates, which became evident in Turkish society especially during the republican period, contributing to the understanding of the problems arose during this period and it is composed of three parts. In the introduction part, information about the subject of the research, its purpose, importance, problem, research questions, scope and limitations, methods and techniques is given. In the first part, the concepts of conservatism’s and social change’s meanings in the literature are mentioned. In the first part of the chapter; different meanings such as progress, dissociation, coalescing of social change are mentioned and some ınformation about the factors effecting it and social change hypothesis defining it. In the second part, conservatism is dealt with and it is stated that it has different meanings which take form in line with the society when it does not have a general definition. In the second part, in the beginning, periodicals are mentioned in general, and in this context, the characteristics of the Case of Conservative Thought, its writer staff and the types of studies it includes are mentioned. Then, within the framework of the studies published in the journal, socio-cultural themes such as change, mind, individual, property and authority that respond positively to social change were analyzed. In the third chapter, the themes that include the static and unchanging side, as well as the changing aspect, are discussed. In this chapter, themes such as religion, tradition, family, society and morality are analyzed within the scope of the magazine. When we look at the aforementioned themes, it is understood that their structure contain an essence that comes from the past and does not change today. At the same time, another feature of these themes is the fact that they have modern interpretations in contrast to the unchanging essence. In the conclusion part, in the context of socio-cultural themes in which the phenomena of conservatism and social change became evident and faded within the scope of the Case of Conservative Thought, the fact that these two schools of thought, which seem to be opposite, have developed as two sides of a coin in the history of thought and both are the products of the thought of Enlightenment, the fact that these two thought systems, which seem to be completely opposite, exhibit a conciliatory attitude on the themes of property, and change and they confront in other themes analyzed, the fact that in Turkish society, social change is reflected as a pro-modern nationalist ideology, conservatism is expressed as a tendency to protect and maintain religious values, the fact that the modernization mindset, which has become the official ideology of the state, has approached conservatism with a Jacobin attitude in the past, and today it exhibits a conciliatory tendency against conservatism, while conservatism initially exhibited a strict and rejecting attitude towards change in Turkish society, but this attitude was replaced by a change in technology and science, especially in the fields of technology and science, the fact that the Case of Conservative Thought asked why, how and where questions about the subject of change, and stated that change should be controlled are stated.
Description
Keywords
Muhafazakârlık, Sosyal değişme, Akıl, Birey, Aile, Din, Gelenek, Toplum, Otorite, Mülkiyet, Conservatism, Social change, Reason, Individual, Family, Religion, Tradition, Society, Authority, Property
Citation
Ademi, Z. (2021). Muhafazakârlık ve sosyal değişme (Muhafazakâr Düşünce dergisi örneği). Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.