Bir üçlü üretim sisteminin termoekonomik analizi
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Date
2017-01-19
Authors
Şen, Yakup
Journal Title
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Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Ülkemiz, enerji kaynaklarında %70'ten fazla dışa bağımlıdır. Bu nedenle, enerji kaynaklarının bilinçli ve daha verimli kullanılması oldukça önemlidir. Enerji kaynaklarından etkin bir biçimde yararlanma yöntemlerinden biri de ısı ve güç üretiminin birleşik olduğu (kojenerasyon, trijenerasyon gibi) sistemlerdir. Bir trijenerasyon (üçlü üretim) sisteminde enerji kaynağı (örneğin doğalgaz) kullanılarak elektrik, ısıtma ve soğutma gibi üç farklı enerjiye geçiş sağlanabilmekte ve oluşan kayıplar minimize edilerek enerjinin faydalı kullanımı artırılabilmektedir. Bu tezde, üçlü üretim sisteminin enerji ve ekserji analizleri yapılarak bir termodinamik model oluşturulacaktır. Termodinamik yöntemler arasında önemi sürekli artan termo-ekonomik değerlendirmede, ikinci yasaya göre sistem analizine dayanan ekonomik bir analiz ve optimizasyon söz konusudur. Termo-ekonomik analizin ilk aşaması sistemin ikinci yasaya dayalı ekserji analizinin kapsamlı bir şekilde gerçekleştirilmesidir. Böylece tüm alt sistemler ve ekipmanlar için elde edilen ekserji kayıplarının sisteme getirdiği maliyetler ele alınabilmekte ve sistemin kayıplarının minimize edilecek şekilde tasarlanması ve optimize edilmesi mümkün olmaktadır. Termodinamik analizlerin ardından sistemde yer alan komponentlerin yatırım ve sistemin işletme masrafları dikkate alınarak ekonomik değerlendirme yürütülecektir. İncelenen sistemlerin sürdürülebilirliği ve toplam maliyeti, bu analizler yardımıyla ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır. Gaz ve buhar çevrimlerinin yanı sıra soğutma amacıyla kullanılacak absorpsiyonlu çevrim için, üçlü üretim sisteminin ısı ve elektrik yüklerine göre en uygun çalışma koşulları tespit edilecektir.
Our country is foreign dependent in energy sources at a rate of above 70 percent. Therefore, it is very important to use the energy sources consciously and more efficiently. Among the methods for effectively utilizing the energy sources are the use of trigeneration system and cogeneration system combining the heat and power production. In a trigeneration system, transmission to three different energies such as electricity, heating and cooling can be provided and the occurring loss is minimized, thereby advantageous use of energy can be increased with the use of energy source (for instance, natural gas). In this thesis, by considering different scenarios, a thermoeconomic model will be formed by performing the energy, exergy and economic analysis of a trigeneration system including all the sub-cycles thereof. In the thermoeconomic evaluation, the importance of which is continuously increasing in thermodynamic methods, an economic analysis and optimization based on the system analysis according to the second law are mentioned. The first stage of the thermoeconomic analysis is to perform the exergy analysis of the system based on the second law extensively. Thus, the costs brought to the system by the loss of exergy obtained for all the sub-systems and equipment can be discussed and it is possible to design and optimize the system in a manner to minimize its loss. Subsequent to the thermodynamic analysis, an economic evaluation will be performed by considering the investment expenses of the components in the system and operating expenses of the system. Sustainability and total cost of the systems examined will be attempted to be presented by means of these analyses. Optimum operating conditions will be detected for the absorption cycle to be used for cooling in addition to the gas and steam cycles according to the heat and electricity loads of the trigeneration system.
Our country is foreign dependent in energy sources at a rate of above 70 percent. Therefore, it is very important to use the energy sources consciously and more efficiently. Among the methods for effectively utilizing the energy sources are the use of trigeneration system and cogeneration system combining the heat and power production. In a trigeneration system, transmission to three different energies such as electricity, heating and cooling can be provided and the occurring loss is minimized, thereby advantageous use of energy can be increased with the use of energy source (for instance, natural gas). In this thesis, by considering different scenarios, a thermoeconomic model will be formed by performing the energy, exergy and economic analysis of a trigeneration system including all the sub-cycles thereof. In the thermoeconomic evaluation, the importance of which is continuously increasing in thermodynamic methods, an economic analysis and optimization based on the system analysis according to the second law are mentioned. The first stage of the thermoeconomic analysis is to perform the exergy analysis of the system based on the second law extensively. Thus, the costs brought to the system by the loss of exergy obtained for all the sub-systems and equipment can be discussed and it is possible to design and optimize the system in a manner to minimize its loss. Subsequent to the thermodynamic analysis, an economic evaluation will be performed by considering the investment expenses of the components in the system and operating expenses of the system. Sustainability and total cost of the systems examined will be attempted to be presented by means of these analyses. Optimum operating conditions will be detected for the absorption cycle to be used for cooling in addition to the gas and steam cycles according to the heat and electricity loads of the trigeneration system.
Description
Keywords
Üçlü üretim, Rankine çevrimi, Brayton çevrimi, Absorpsiyonlu soğutma, Termoekonomik analiz, Trigeneration, Rankine cycle, Brayton cycle, Absorption cooling, Thermoeconomic analysis
Citation
Şen, Y. (2017). Bir üçlü üretim sisteminin termoekonomik analizi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.