Embriyo transfer uygulamaları ile repeat breeder ineklerde gebelik oranlarının araştırılması
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Date
2018-06-20
Authors
Say, Erkan
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Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı tekrarlayan tohumlamalara rağmen, gebe kalmayan ve bu nedenle sürüden çıkarılması gereken döl tutmayan (repeat breeder) olarak tanımlanan ineklerde uygulanacak embriyo transferi sonucunda elde edilecek gebelik oranlarının araştırılmasıdır. Ayrıca, taşıyıcı olarak kullanılacak ineklerde korpus luteum kalitesi, embriyo gelişim safhası-kalitesi ve kan progesteron seviyelerinin gebe kalma üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesi de hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmada Holstein ırkından yaşları 3-8 arası değişen, rastgele seçilmiş 87 baş inek kullanılmıştır. Döl tutmayan inekler (n=45); en az bir doğum yapmış, seksüel siklusları düzenli olan, genital organlarında klinik bir bozukluk bulunmayan ve anormal bir akıntı göstermeyen, ancak en az üç defa veya daha fazla sayıda suni tohumlama yapılmasına rağmen gebe kalmayan ineklerden seçilmiştir. Kontrol grubunu (n=42) oluşturacak inekler ise, doğum sonrası hiç suni tohumlama işlemine tabi tutulmayan hayvanlardan oluşturulmuştur. Taşıyıcı ineklere transferden 24 gün önce PGF2α uygulaması yapılmıştır. Bu uygulamadan sonra, inekler takibe alınmış ve östrus belirtileri gösteren hayvanlar kayıt altına alınıp taşıyıcı adayı olarak belirlenmiştir. Deneme grubunda transfer yapılan toplam 45 taşıyıcı döl tutmayan inekten 16'sı gebe kalmıştır. Kontrol grubunda ise, 42 taşıyıcı ineğe yapılan embriyo transfer işleminden sonra 21 inek gebe kalmıştır. Yapılan istatistiksel analiz sonucu deneme ve kontrol gruplarında gebelik oranları sırasıyla %35,6 ve %50 olarak belirlenmiştir. İki grup arasında istatistksel fark bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Çalışmada bunun dışında korpus luteum yapısı ile gebe kalma arasındaki ilişki incelenmiş olup, yapılan istatistiksel analizde korpus luteum büyüklüğünün gebe kalma üzerine etkisi olmadığı tespit edilmiştir (p>0,05). Ayrıca embriyo safha ve kaliteleri de değerlendirilmiştir. Buna göre embriyo safha ve kalitesinin gebelik üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olmadığı görülmüştür (p>0,05). Her iki grup içerisinde örneklem gruplar oluşturularak kan progesteron değerlerine bakılmıştır. Kan progesteron seviyesinin de gebelik üzerinde etkisi olmadığı saptanmıştır (p>0,05). Sonuç olarak döl tutmayan inekler için embriyo transferinin bir tedavi yöntemi olarak uygulanabileceği, özellikle yüksek süt verimli ineklerin gebe bırakılmasında kullanılabileceği kanısına varılmıştır. Böylece tercihen üstün özelliklere sahip ineklerin embriyolarının döl tutma problemi yaşayan özellikle yüksek süt verimli ineklere transferi ile bu hayvanların gebe bırakılarak sonraki laktasyondada yüksek süt veriminden yararlanılarak ekonomik fayda sağlanabileceği kanısına varılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, taze embriyo transferi için taşıyıcı olarak kullanılacak ineklerde korpus luteum büyüklüğü ile kan progesteron değerinin ve transfer edilen embriyo safha-kalitesinin gebelik oranları üzerinde etkisi olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
The aim of this study is to compare pregnancy rate via applying embryo transfer to the cows which is not being pregnant and should be removed from herd as repeat breeder in spite of inseminating frequently. It is also aimed to determine the affect of corpus luteum quality, embryo stage-quality and blood progesterone levels on pregnancy in cows which are used as recipients. In this study, 87 randomly selected Holstein cows that ages ranging from 3-8 were utilised. The repeat breeder cows (n=45) were selected from at least one giving birth, having regular sexual cycle, missing clinical worsening into genital organ, not displaying an abnormal discharge. On the other hand, It was selected from non-pregnant cows which inseminated artificially 3 times or more. Besides, cows that will form the control group (n=42) were slected from the cows not applying any artificial insemination postnatally. The PGF2α application was performed to all recipient cows which are considered to benefit from as a recipient in control and testing groups just 24 days before flushing day. Subsequent to this application, the cows were followed and showing an eustrous indications animals were recorded and determined as candidate recipient. 16 out of 45 recipient repeat breeder cows were become preganant in testing group which has already transferred. On the other hand, in control group 21 out of 42 recipient cows were become pregnant after embryo transfer procedure. In consequence of statisctal analyses, the pregnancy rates were observed amongst testing and control groups respectively 35,6% and 50%. There was a significant difference between pregnancy rates (p<0,05). The relation between corpus luteum and being pregnant was investigated and as a result of this investigation of statistical analyses, the size of Corpus Luteum was observed that no effect on being pragnant (p>0,05). Furthermore, the quality and phase of embryo was evaluated. Accordingly, the quality and phase of embryo has no significant effect on pregnancy (p>0,05). Within both groups was created sampling groups to obsreved blood progesterone value. The level of blood progesterone was determined no effect on pregnancy (p>0,05). As a result, it has been concluded that embryo transfer can be used to concevie especially for high-yielding cows as a treatment method for repeat breeder cow. Thereby, by the transfer from cows with high superior characteristics to cow which have fertilization problems, specially high milk yielding cows, can economically be benefit obtained by utilizing the high milk yield in the later lactation. Moreover, it was determined that cow's corpus luteum size, blood progesterone level and transferred embryo stage-quality were not influenced on pregnancy rates in cows utilized as recipients for fresh embryo transfer.
The aim of this study is to compare pregnancy rate via applying embryo transfer to the cows which is not being pregnant and should be removed from herd as repeat breeder in spite of inseminating frequently. It is also aimed to determine the affect of corpus luteum quality, embryo stage-quality and blood progesterone levels on pregnancy in cows which are used as recipients. In this study, 87 randomly selected Holstein cows that ages ranging from 3-8 were utilised. The repeat breeder cows (n=45) were selected from at least one giving birth, having regular sexual cycle, missing clinical worsening into genital organ, not displaying an abnormal discharge. On the other hand, It was selected from non-pregnant cows which inseminated artificially 3 times or more. Besides, cows that will form the control group (n=42) were slected from the cows not applying any artificial insemination postnatally. The PGF2α application was performed to all recipient cows which are considered to benefit from as a recipient in control and testing groups just 24 days before flushing day. Subsequent to this application, the cows were followed and showing an eustrous indications animals were recorded and determined as candidate recipient. 16 out of 45 recipient repeat breeder cows were become preganant in testing group which has already transferred. On the other hand, in control group 21 out of 42 recipient cows were become pregnant after embryo transfer procedure. In consequence of statisctal analyses, the pregnancy rates were observed amongst testing and control groups respectively 35,6% and 50%. There was a significant difference between pregnancy rates (p<0,05). The relation between corpus luteum and being pregnant was investigated and as a result of this investigation of statistical analyses, the size of Corpus Luteum was observed that no effect on being pragnant (p>0,05). Furthermore, the quality and phase of embryo was evaluated. Accordingly, the quality and phase of embryo has no significant effect on pregnancy (p>0,05). Within both groups was created sampling groups to obsreved blood progesterone value. The level of blood progesterone was determined no effect on pregnancy (p>0,05). As a result, it has been concluded that embryo transfer can be used to concevie especially for high-yielding cows as a treatment method for repeat breeder cow. Thereby, by the transfer from cows with high superior characteristics to cow which have fertilization problems, specially high milk yielding cows, can economically be benefit obtained by utilizing the high milk yield in the later lactation. Moreover, it was determined that cow's corpus luteum size, blood progesterone level and transferred embryo stage-quality were not influenced on pregnancy rates in cows utilized as recipients for fresh embryo transfer.
Description
Keywords
Embriyo transferi, Holştayn, İnfertilite, Repeat breeder, Embryo transfer, Holstein, Infertility, Repeat breeder
Citation
Say, E. (2018). Embriyo transfer uygulamaları ile repeat breeder ineklerde gebelik oranlarının araştırılması. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.