İklimlendirme uygulamaları için optimum absorbsiyonlu soğutucu dizayn ve imalatı
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Date
2017
Authors
Ravul, Hasan Basri
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Günümüzde artan Dünya nüfusu ve ekonomik gelişmeye bağlı olarak iklimlendirme sistemlerine olan talep hızla artmaktadır. Konvansiyonel sistemlerin yüksek elektrik tüketimi ve organik soğutucu gazların çevre üzerinde yarattığı olumsuzlar farklı teknolojilerin kullanılmasını teşvik etmektedir. Soğutma sistemlerinde alternatif olarak kullanılabilecek diğer bir yöntem absorbsiyonlu soğutma sistemleridir. Bu yöntemde soğutma etkisi oluşturmak için ana enerji girdisi olarak elektrik yerine ısı kullanılmaktadır. Güneş enerjisi, jeotermal enerji, atık ısı gibi kaynakları kullanabilen bu sistemler çevre dostu kabul edildiklerinden son yıllarda yeniden popüler hale gelmiştir. Absorbsiyonlu soğutma sistemleri geleneksel olarak büyük soğutma kapasitelerinde imal edilmektedirler. Küçük kapasiteli sistemlerin pazarda kendine yer bulmasındaki sıkıntı, sistem boyutlarının ve maliyetinin konvansiyonel sistemlere oranla yüksek olmasıdır. Bu dezavantajları ortadan kaldırmak için çeşitli çalışmalar yürütülmektedir. Bu çalışmada ilk olarak absorbsiyonlu soğutma sistemlerinin tanıtımı yapılmıştır. Özellikle hedef pazar olarak konut sektörü için uygun soğutma kapasitesi Türkiye'de ki bina istatistikleri araştırılarak tespit edilmiştir. Sistemin kademe sayısı, soğutma şekli, solüsyon tipi gibi özelliklerinin belirlenmesinin ardından termodinamik modeli oluşturulmuştur. Sistemin enerji ve ekserji analizi hesapları yapılarak farklı çalışma sıcaklıklarındaki değişimleri analiz edilmiştir. Her bir eşanjördeki toplam ısı transfer katsayısı literatürdeki çalışmalar yardımıyla hesaplanarak eşanjörler için gerekli ısı transfer yüzey alanları bulunmuştur. Prototipin üç boyutlu tasarımı yapılarak malzeme listesi hazırlanmıştır. İmalat sırasında önemli hususlar araştırılmış, ekipman ve malzemelerin teknik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Prototipin imalatı çeşitli yöntem ve disiplinler kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sistemin performans ölçümleri oluşturulan test düzeneğinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneysel sonuçlar teorik hesaplamalarla karşılaştırılarak ileriki çalışmalar için yol haritası çıkarılmıştır.
Demand for climate systems is increasing rapidly due to increasing world population and economic development. The high electrical consumption of conventional systems and the environmental negative effects of organic refrigerants promote the use of different technologies. Another method that can be used as an alternative to cooling systems is the absorption cooling systems. In this method, heat is used instead of electricity as the main energy input to create a cooling effect. These systems, which can use resources such as solar energy, geothermal energy, waste heat, have become popular again in recent years because they are considered environmentally friendly. Absorption cooling systems are traditionally manufactured in large cooling capacities. The difficulty in finding small capacity systems in the market is that the system dimensions and cost are higher than conventional systems. Various studies are being carried out to eliminate these disadvantages. In this study, absorption cooling systems were first introduced. Especially the cooling capacity suitable for the housing sector as the target market has been determined by investigating building statistics in Turkey. The thermodynamic model was established after determining the properties of the system such as number of stages, cooling type and solution type. Energy and exergy analysis calculations of the system have been carried out to analyze the changes at different operating temperatures. The total heat transfer coefficient in each heat exchanger is calculated with the help of literature studies and heat transfer surface areas required for heat exchangers are found. Three dimensional design of the prototype was made and a material list was prepared. During manufacturing, important issues were researched and technical specifications of equipment and materials were determined. The production of prototype has been carried out using various methods and disciplines. Performance measurements of the system were performed on the test set. Experimental results were compared with the theoretical calculations and a road map was drawn for further studies
Demand for climate systems is increasing rapidly due to increasing world population and economic development. The high electrical consumption of conventional systems and the environmental negative effects of organic refrigerants promote the use of different technologies. Another method that can be used as an alternative to cooling systems is the absorption cooling systems. In this method, heat is used instead of electricity as the main energy input to create a cooling effect. These systems, which can use resources such as solar energy, geothermal energy, waste heat, have become popular again in recent years because they are considered environmentally friendly. Absorption cooling systems are traditionally manufactured in large cooling capacities. The difficulty in finding small capacity systems in the market is that the system dimensions and cost are higher than conventional systems. Various studies are being carried out to eliminate these disadvantages. In this study, absorption cooling systems were first introduced. Especially the cooling capacity suitable for the housing sector as the target market has been determined by investigating building statistics in Turkey. The thermodynamic model was established after determining the properties of the system such as number of stages, cooling type and solution type. Energy and exergy analysis calculations of the system have been carried out to analyze the changes at different operating temperatures. The total heat transfer coefficient in each heat exchanger is calculated with the help of literature studies and heat transfer surface areas required for heat exchangers are found. Three dimensional design of the prototype was made and a material list was prepared. During manufacturing, important issues were researched and technical specifications of equipment and materials were determined. The production of prototype has been carried out using various methods and disciplines. Performance measurements of the system were performed on the test set. Experimental results were compared with the theoretical calculations and a road map was drawn for further studies
Description
Keywords
Absorbsiyonlu soğutucu, Ekserji, Prototip, LiBr-Su, Absorption chiller, COP, Exergy, LiBr-Water, Prototype
Citation
Ravul, H. B. (2017). İklimlendirme uygulamaları için optimum absorbsiyonlu soğutucu dizayn ve imalatı. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.