Bursa ilinde aktarlarda satılan tıbbi bitkilerin fotosensitivite yönünden değerlendirilmesi
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Date
2018-07-24
Authors
Sarı, Özgür
Journal Title
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Publisher
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
Abstract
Halk tıbbı ya da Anadolu tıbbı adı ile özdeşleşen fitoterapiye ilişkin ilk belgeler milattan önceki tarihe uzanmaktadır. Sanayi devrimi ile birlikte temel fen bilimleri alanındaki öncü gelişmelerle ilaç sanayi önem kazanmış olsa da, tamamlayıcı tıp insanoğlunun vazgeçemediği tedavi şekli olarak kalmaya devam etmiştir. Son yıllarda halkın, tıbbi bitki kullanımına olan ilgisi popüler hale gelmiş ve akademik çalışmalar da ivme kazanmıştır. Halk nezdinde artan ilginin sebebi "zararsızlık" algısıdır. Oysa, her tıbbi bitkinin biyokimyasında yararlı bileşiklerle birlikte toksik metabolitleri mevcuttur. Bitki biyokimyası incelendiğinde temel bileşiklerle birlikte, ara ürün olarak alkoloidler, flavonoidler, glikozitler, tanenler; glikoalkoloidler, antiaminik maddeler, tanımlanmış veya tanımlanmamış ara ürünleri olan toksik etkileri görülen fotosensitizan maddeler bulunur. Fotosensitizan maddeler deriyle temas veya sistemik olarak alındığında insan ve hayvanlarda güneş ışığı etkisiyle; morfolojik (deri döküntüleri vb.) ve fizyolojik (karaciğer yetmezliği vb.) istenmeyen yan etkilere neden olur. Bu çalışmada Bursa ilinde; Osmangazi, Yıldırım ve Nilüfer ilçesinde aktarlarda satılan tıbbi bitkilerden fotosensitiv etkili olanların belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Üç ilçede toplam 52 adet aktar ve tıbbi bitki satış noktasında, 560 kişi ile yapılan görüşmeler sonucu tıbbi bitkilerin; satın alınma tercih yerleri, istenmeyen etkilerinin bilinirliği, tüketim miktarları ve tüketim alışkanlıkları belirlenerek, en çok tercih edilip tüketilen fotosensitiv etkili olanlar tespit edildi. Aktarlar ve Baharatçılar Odası Genel Başkanlığı verilerine göre Bursa'da en çok satılan tıbbi bitki Zingiber officinale (Zencefil) olmasına rağmen, tez kapsamında saha çalışmasında Hypericum perforatum (Sarı kantaron) bitkisinin tercih edildiği, ayrıca hem satış temsilcilerinin hem de tüketicinin tıbbi bitkilerin yan etkileri hakkında yeterli düzeyde bilgi sahibi olmadığı yönünde öntez çalışmamızda yerini almıştır.
The first documents on phytotherapy, also known as folk medicine or the name of Anatolian medicine, date back to B.C. Along with the industrial revolution, pharmaceutical industry has gained importance with advance in basic sciences, but complementary medicine has remained in indispensable for human. In recent years, people's interest in medicinal plant use has become popular and academic work has gained momentum. The reason for the growing interest in the people is the perception of "harmlessness". However, there are useful compounds along with toxic metabolites in the biochemistry of each medical plant. When plant biochemistry was examined, there are photosensitized substances which are basic compounds and alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins glycoalkaloids and antiaminics as intermediates; and also defined or unidentified intermediate toxic alkaloids are found. Photosensitized substances are cause with sunlight when taken by humans and animals; there are adverse effects such as morphological (skin rashes etc.) and physiological (liver failure etc.) in case of dermal contact or consumption. In the scope of the thesis to determine the photosensitivity effect of medical herbs sold in the herbal shops in Osmangazi, Yıldırım and Nilüfer districts of Bursa. At the point of sale of 52 herbal shop and the results of the interviews with 560 people in three districts; purchase preference places, awareness of advers effects, consumption quantities and consumption habits were recorded. The most preferred and consumed photosensitious plants were determined. According to the reports of the Directorate of Aktar's and Spices, Zingiber officinale (Ginger) was determined as the most-selling medical plant in Bursa. But, in our field study has revealed that Hypericum perforatum (St. John's Worth) was the most pereffered medicinal plant. It was also seen that both sales representatives and consumers had no knowledge of the advers effects of medicinal plants.
The first documents on phytotherapy, also known as folk medicine or the name of Anatolian medicine, date back to B.C. Along with the industrial revolution, pharmaceutical industry has gained importance with advance in basic sciences, but complementary medicine has remained in indispensable for human. In recent years, people's interest in medicinal plant use has become popular and academic work has gained momentum. The reason for the growing interest in the people is the perception of "harmlessness". However, there are useful compounds along with toxic metabolites in the biochemistry of each medical plant. When plant biochemistry was examined, there are photosensitized substances which are basic compounds and alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins glycoalkaloids and antiaminics as intermediates; and also defined or unidentified intermediate toxic alkaloids are found. Photosensitized substances are cause with sunlight when taken by humans and animals; there are adverse effects such as morphological (skin rashes etc.) and physiological (liver failure etc.) in case of dermal contact or consumption. In the scope of the thesis to determine the photosensitivity effect of medical herbs sold in the herbal shops in Osmangazi, Yıldırım and Nilüfer districts of Bursa. At the point of sale of 52 herbal shop and the results of the interviews with 560 people in three districts; purchase preference places, awareness of advers effects, consumption quantities and consumption habits were recorded. The most preferred and consumed photosensitious plants were determined. According to the reports of the Directorate of Aktar's and Spices, Zingiber officinale (Ginger) was determined as the most-selling medical plant in Bursa. But, in our field study has revealed that Hypericum perforatum (St. John's Worth) was the most pereffered medicinal plant. It was also seen that both sales representatives and consumers had no knowledge of the advers effects of medicinal plants.
Description
Keywords
Fotosensitizasyon, Fotodinamik bitkiler, Fotodinamik ajanlar, Drog, Aktar, Photosensitization, Photodynamic plants, Photodynamic agents, Herbal shop
Citation
Sarı, Ö. (2018). Bursa ilinde aktarlarda satılan tıbbi bitkilerin fotosensitivite yönünden değerlendirilmesi. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü.