Yayın: Kadın din görevlilerinin toplumsal cinsiyet algısı üzerine sosyolojik bir değerlendirme -Bursa örneği-
Dosyalar
Tarih
Kurum Yazarları
Yazarlar
Simav, Esma
Danışman
Kurt, Abdurrahman
Dil
Türü
Yayıncı:
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
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Cilt Başlığı
Özet
Kadının ev dışında ve ücretli bir işte çalışmasının yaygınlaşması ve eğitimli kız çocuklarının sayısının artmasıyla birlikte toplumda kadına yüklenen rollerde önemli değişiklikler oluşmuştur. Türkiye’de 1980’li yıllar sonrasında dindar kadınların da gerek kamuda gerek özel sektörde çalışması, muhafazakâr kesimde de aile içerisindeki bireylerin rol ve sorumluluklarında değişimlere yol açmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hem kamu çalışanı hem dindar olan kadın din görevlilerinin toplumsal cinsiyet rol tutumlarını ölçmek ve toplumsal cinsiyet algılarını sosyolojik olarak değerlendirmektir. Bu çalışma, yetişkin din eğitiminde aktif olarak rol alan ve kendi alanlarında toplumun her kesiminden gelen talep ve sorularla muhatap olan kadın din görevlilerine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışmanın birinci bölümünde konuyla ilgili kavramlar ve kuramlar, ikinci bölümünde kadının sosyal ve dini hayatı ve üçüncü bölümünde ailedeki sorumluluk paylaşımı ile ilgili verilerin analizine yer verilmiştir. Bu çalışmada karma yöntem tercih edilmiştir. Bursa İl Müftülüğünde görev yapan kadın Kur’an kursu öğreticilerine, içinde Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Tutum Ölçeğinin ve demografik bilgilerle ilgili soruların bulunduğu anket uygulanmış ve bu anket SPSS 25.0 programıyla analiz edilmiştir. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme için yine Bursa İl Müftülüğünde görev yapan 20 kadın Kur’an kursu öğreticisi ile görüşülmüş ve elde edilen veriler, çalışmanın amaçları doğrultusunda temalar ve alt temalar tanımlanarak MAXQDA 2018 kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bu araştırmaya göre kadın din görevlilerinin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolleri Tutum Ölçeği puan ortalaması, en yüksek puan olan 5 üzerinden 3,33’tür. Bu puan, bize kadın din görevlilerinin eşitlikçi tutuma sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Yapılan derinlemesine görüşmelerle kadın din görevlilerinin erkeğin aile reisi olduğu ve geçim sorumluluğundan asıl sorumlu olanın erkek olduğu yönündeki anlayışı devam ettirdikleri; aile içi alınan kararlarda ve kadının çalışmasıyla ilgili konularda eşitlikçi tutum içerisinde oldukları anlaşılmıştır. Kadınla ilgili tartışılan çok kadınla evlilik ve miras dağılımı ile ilgili ayetler, günümüz okumaları çerçevesinde yorumlanırken bekâret ve aldatma gibi konularda hem kadının hem erkeğin uyması gereken kurallar olduğunun altı çizilmiştir. Kadın din görevlilerinin toplumsal cinsiyet tartışmalarında eşitlikçi yaklaşımdan ziyade dengeleyici ve tamamlayıcı bir dil kullandıkları tespit edilmiştir.
With the widespread employment of women outside the home and in paid work and the increase in the number of educated girls, significant changes have occurred in the roles attributed to women in society. The fact that religious women have been working in both the public and private sectors in Turkey since the 1980s has led to changes in the roles and responsibilities of individuals within the family in the conservative circles. The aim of this study is to measure the gender role attitudes of female religious officials who are both public employees and religious and to evaluate their gender perceptions sociologically. This study focuses on female religious officials who are actively involved in adult religious education and who deal with demands and questions from all segments of society in their field. In the first part of the study, the concepts and theories related to the subject, in the second part, the social and religious life of women, and in the third part, the analysis of the data on the sharing of responsibilities in the family are included. In this study, mixed method was preferred. A questionnaire including the Gender Roles Attitude Scale and questions about demographic information was applied to the female Qur'an course instructors working in Bursa Provincial Muftiate and this questionnaire was analyzed with SPSS 25.0 program. For the semi-structured interview, 20 female Qur'an course instructors working in Bursa Provincial Muftiate were interviewed and the data obtained were analyzed using MAXQDA 2018 by defining themes and sub-themes in line with the objectives of the study. According to this study, the mean score of the Gender Roles Attitude Scale of female religious officials is 3.33 out of 5. This score shows us that female religious officials have an egalitarian attitude. Through in-depth interviews, it has been understood that female religious officials maintain the understanding that the man is the head of the family and that he is the one who is primarily responsible for the livelihood; they have egalitarian attitudes in family decisions and in matters related to women's work. The verses on multiple marriage and the distribution of inheritance, which were discussed in relation to women, were interpreted within the framework of contemporary readings, and it was emphasized that there are rules that both men and women should follow in matters such as virginity and adultery. It has been determined that female religious officials use a balancing and complementary language rather than an egalitarian approach in gender discussions.
With the widespread employment of women outside the home and in paid work and the increase in the number of educated girls, significant changes have occurred in the roles attributed to women in society. The fact that religious women have been working in both the public and private sectors in Turkey since the 1980s has led to changes in the roles and responsibilities of individuals within the family in the conservative circles. The aim of this study is to measure the gender role attitudes of female religious officials who are both public employees and religious and to evaluate their gender perceptions sociologically. This study focuses on female religious officials who are actively involved in adult religious education and who deal with demands and questions from all segments of society in their field. In the first part of the study, the concepts and theories related to the subject, in the second part, the social and religious life of women, and in the third part, the analysis of the data on the sharing of responsibilities in the family are included. In this study, mixed method was preferred. A questionnaire including the Gender Roles Attitude Scale and questions about demographic information was applied to the female Qur'an course instructors working in Bursa Provincial Muftiate and this questionnaire was analyzed with SPSS 25.0 program. For the semi-structured interview, 20 female Qur'an course instructors working in Bursa Provincial Muftiate were interviewed and the data obtained were analyzed using MAXQDA 2018 by defining themes and sub-themes in line with the objectives of the study. According to this study, the mean score of the Gender Roles Attitude Scale of female religious officials is 3.33 out of 5. This score shows us that female religious officials have an egalitarian attitude. Through in-depth interviews, it has been understood that female religious officials maintain the understanding that the man is the head of the family and that he is the one who is primarily responsible for the livelihood; they have egalitarian attitudes in family decisions and in matters related to women's work. The verses on multiple marriage and the distribution of inheritance, which were discussed in relation to women, were interpreted within the framework of contemporary readings, and it was emphasized that there are rules that both men and women should follow in matters such as virginity and adultery. It has been determined that female religious officials use a balancing and complementary language rather than an egalitarian approach in gender discussions.
Açıklama
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Konusu
Kadın din görevlisi, Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rol Tutumları, Çalışan kadın, Toplumsal cinsiyet, Eşitlikçi cinsiyet rolleri, Geleneksel cinsiyet, Female religious officials, Gender role attitudes, Traditional gender roles, Egalitarian gender roles, Employed women
