Yayın: Triozfosfat izomerazın meme kanserindeki rolünün in-vitro araştırılması
Dosyalar
Tarih
Kurum Yazarları
Yazarlar
Tuna, Emine Gonca
Danışman
Dere, Egemen
Dil
Türü
Yayıncı:
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
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Özet
Kanser hücreleri oksijenin varlığından bağımsız olarak çok miktarda laktat meydana getirir. Warburg etkisi (aerobik glikoliz) olarak tanımlanan bu durum kanser araştırmalarında glikoliz ve enerji metabolizmasını oldukça önemli bir hale getirmektedir. Glikolizde anahtar bir enzim olan Triozfosfat İzomeraz (TPI)’ın kanserle ilişkisi henüz tam olarak aydınlatılmamıştır. Buna göre tez çalışmasının amacı, TPI enziminin meme kanserindeki rolünü ve ilişkili olduğu moleküler bağlantıları ortaya koymak olarak belirlendi. Bu amaçla, öncelikle insan meme kanseri hücrelerinde (MCF-7 ve MDA-MB- 231) ve insan meme epitel hücrelerinde (MCF-10A) TPI seviyeleri belirlendi. Ardından, MCF-7 ve MDA-MB-231 hücre hatlarında TPI ifadesi siRNA Lentiviral Vektör kullanılarak baskılandı, TPI baskılanan/baskılanmayan kanser hücrelerinde canlılık analizleri ve koloni oluşum yöntemleriyle hücre canlılığı, ayrıca migrasyon analizleri ile hücrelerin göç kabiliyetleri belirlendi. Western-blot metoduyla hücresel enerji sinyal yolaklarına ve epitel-mezenkimal dönüşüm (EMT) sürecine ait belirteçler incelendi. TPI baskılanması sonrası glikolitik kapasite ve toksik bir ara ürün olan metilglioksal (MG) seviyeleri değerlendirildi. Çalışmalarımızda TPI'nın meme kanseri hücrelerinde insan meme epitel hücrelerine göre daha yüksek ekspresyon seviyesine sahip olduğu görüldü. TPI baskılanan MCF-7 ve MDA-MB-231 hücrelerinde canlılık azalırken hücrelerin migrasyon yeteneklerinin azaldığı, enerji metabolizmasının düzenleyicileri olarak görev yapan mitojenle aktive edilmiş protein kinaz (MAPK), stresle aktive protein kinaz/ c-Jun N-terminal kinaz (SAPK/JNK) ve fosfatidilinositol-3-kinaz (PI3K) sinyal yollarında disregülasyon meydana geldiği ve EMT belirteçlerinin ifadesinin azaldığı görüldü. Ayrıca, TPI baskılanan hücrelerde glikoz kullanımı ve laktat üretimi azalırken MG birikiminin arttığı görüldü. Bu sonuçlar, TPI’nın meme kanserinde onkojenik aktivite gösterebileceğini ve bu enzimin hedeflenmesinin kanser enerji metabolizmasında önemli bir strateji olabileceğini işaret etmektedir.
Cancer cells produce large amounts of lactate independently of the presence of oxygen. This situation, defined as the Warburg effect (aerobic glycolysis), makes glycolysis and energy metabolism very important in cancer research. The relationship between Triosephosphate Isomerase (TPI), a key enzyme in glycolysis, and cancer has not yet been fully elucidated. Accordingly, the aim of the thesis study was determined to reveal the role of the TPI enzyme in breast cancer and the molecular connections it is associated with. For this purpose, firstly TPI levels were determined in breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and human breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A). Then, TPI expression in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines was suppressed using siRNA Lentiviral Vector, cell viability was determined by viability analyses and colony formation methods in TPI suppressed/non-suppressed cancer cells, and also the migration capabilities of the cells were determined by migration analyses. Cellular energy signaling pathways and markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation process were examined by Western blot method. After TPI suppression, glycolytic capacity and toxic intermediate methylglyoxal (MG) levels were evaluated. In our studies, TPI was found to have higher expression levels in breast cancer cells compared to human breast epithelial cells. In TPI suppressed MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, viability was decreased, migration abilities of the cells were reduced, dysregulation occurred in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways that act as regulators of energy metabolism, and expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) markers was decreased. In addition, glucose utilization and lactate production were decreased in TPI suppressed cells, while MG accumulation was increased. These results indicate that TPI may exhibit oncogenic activity in breast cancer and targeting this enzyme may be an important strategy in cancer energy metabolism.
Cancer cells produce large amounts of lactate independently of the presence of oxygen. This situation, defined as the Warburg effect (aerobic glycolysis), makes glycolysis and energy metabolism very important in cancer research. The relationship between Triosephosphate Isomerase (TPI), a key enzyme in glycolysis, and cancer has not yet been fully elucidated. Accordingly, the aim of the thesis study was determined to reveal the role of the TPI enzyme in breast cancer and the molecular connections it is associated with. For this purpose, firstly TPI levels were determined in breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and human breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A). Then, TPI expression in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines was suppressed using siRNA Lentiviral Vector, cell viability was determined by viability analyses and colony formation methods in TPI suppressed/non-suppressed cancer cells, and also the migration capabilities of the cells were determined by migration analyses. Cellular energy signaling pathways and markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation process were examined by Western blot method. After TPI suppression, glycolytic capacity and toxic intermediate methylglyoxal (MG) levels were evaluated. In our studies, TPI was found to have higher expression levels in breast cancer cells compared to human breast epithelial cells. In TPI suppressed MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, viability was decreased, migration abilities of the cells were reduced, dysregulation occurred in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways that act as regulators of energy metabolism, and expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) markers was decreased. In addition, glucose utilization and lactate production were decreased in TPI suppressed cells, while MG accumulation was increased. These results indicate that TPI may exhibit oncogenic activity in breast cancer and targeting this enzyme may be an important strategy in cancer energy metabolism.
Açıklama
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Konusu
Triozfosfat izomeraz, Meme kanseri, Kanser metabolizması, Glikoliz, Enerji metabolizması, Triosephosphate isomerase, Breast cancer, Cancer metabolism, Warburg effect, Glycolysis, Energy metabolism
