Publication: Kamulaştırmada özel hukuk meseleleri
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Pala, Cihat
Advisor
Caner, Ayşenur Şahin
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Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
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Abstract
İdarelerin kamu yararının gerektiği hâllerde, kural olarak bedeli sahibine peşin ödenmesi şartıyla sahibinin ayni haklarının sınırlandırılması veya sona erdirilmesi kamulaştırma olarak ifade edilmektedir. Kamulaştırma her ne kadar idari işlem olsa da mülkiyet hakkının sonuçları yönünden özel hukuk kapsamına girmektedir. Bu duruma binaen kamulaştırmayı sadece kamu hukuku yönünden değil özel hukuk yönünden de irdelemek gerekmektedir. Çalışmamızda kamulaştırmanın özel hukuk yönü kapsamlı olarak incelenecektir. Çalışmamızın ilk bölümünde kamulaştırma işleminin tanımı, hukuki niteliği, şartları, aşamaları ve özel görünüş şekilleri kamu hukuku temelli fakat özel hukuktaki sonuçları göz ardı edilmeden incelenecektir. Çalışmamızın ikinci bölümünde kamulaştırmanın özel hukuk kurumları olan satın alma sözleşmesi, kamulaştırmada trampa sözleşmesi, kamulaştırmada geri alma, kamulaştırmada vazgeçme, kamulaştırmada zapttan sorumluluk hükümleri incelenecektir. Çalışmamızın son bölümünde ise uygulamada kamulaştırmada sorun olan kamulaştırmada dava tarihinin dikkate alınması, kamulaştırmada arta kalan yerde değer artış sorunu, kamulaştırılan taşınmazda Kadastro Kanunu 22-A maddesine göre tescil sorunu, kamulaştırmada idare lehine vekâlet ücreti verilmemesi sorunu incelenecek ve bu sorunlara çözüm önerileri sunulacaktır.
In cases where public interest necessitates, the restriction or termination of an owner's real rights by administrative authorities, provided that the payment is made in advance to the owner, is referred to as expropriation. Although expropriation is an administrative act, it falls within the scope of private law in terms of its consequences on property rights. Accordingly, it is necessary to examine expropriation not only from the perspective of public law but also from the perspective of private law. In our study, the private law aspect of expropriation will be comprehensively analyzed. In the first part of our study, the definition, legal nature, conditions, stages, and special appearances of the expropriation process will be examined based on public law, without neglecting its consequences in private law. In the second part of our study, the counterparts of expropriation in private law, such as purchase agreements, barter agreements in expropriation, retraction in expropriation, abandonment in expropriation, and liability for confiscation in expropriation, will be examined. In the final section of our study; we will examine several challenges encountered in expropriation practice, including the consideration of litigation dates in expropriation, the issue of value appreciation in remaining areas post-expropriation, registration complications for expropriated properties under Article 22-A of the Turkish Cadastre Law, and the problem of not granting attorney fees in favor of the administration in expropriation cases. Solutions to these issues will be explored and proposed.
In cases where public interest necessitates, the restriction or termination of an owner's real rights by administrative authorities, provided that the payment is made in advance to the owner, is referred to as expropriation. Although expropriation is an administrative act, it falls within the scope of private law in terms of its consequences on property rights. Accordingly, it is necessary to examine expropriation not only from the perspective of public law but also from the perspective of private law. In our study, the private law aspect of expropriation will be comprehensively analyzed. In the first part of our study, the definition, legal nature, conditions, stages, and special appearances of the expropriation process will be examined based on public law, without neglecting its consequences in private law. In the second part of our study, the counterparts of expropriation in private law, such as purchase agreements, barter agreements in expropriation, retraction in expropriation, abandonment in expropriation, and liability for confiscation in expropriation, will be examined. In the final section of our study; we will examine several challenges encountered in expropriation practice, including the consideration of litigation dates in expropriation, the issue of value appreciation in remaining areas post-expropriation, registration complications for expropriated properties under Article 22-A of the Turkish Cadastre Law, and the problem of not granting attorney fees in favor of the administration in expropriation cases. Solutions to these issues will be explored and proposed.
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Keywords
Kamulaştırma, Satın alma sözleşmesi, Geri alma hakkı, Kamulaştırmada zapttan sorumluluk, Kamulaştırmadan vazgeçme, Expropriation, Purchase agreement, Right of revocation, Responsibility for memorandum in expropriation, Waiver of expropriation