Use of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases: National consensus report

Abstract

Levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute-phase protein, and procalcitonin (PCT) in serum and certain body fluids increase during inflammatory conditions, particularly bacterial infections, and decrease following treatment or resolution of the triggering cause. Therefore, both biomarkers can be effectively utilized for diagnosing infectious diseases, differentiating between viral and bacterial infections, monitoring antibiotic treatment response, and making decisions regarding the cessation of therapy. In recent years, with the significant global and national increase in antimicrobial resistance, these biomarkers have become increasingly important as part of antimicrobial stewardship practices promoting rational antimicrobial use. This consensus report aims to guide the optimal utilization of CRP and PCT in managing infectious diseases in adult patients across various clinical settings and patient groups based on a review of the current literature and collaboration among seven relevant medical societies. We hope this report will benefit all physicians involved in diagnosing and treating adult infectious diseases.