Does electromyographic biofeedback improve exercise effects in hemiplegic patients? A pilot randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this pilot randomized study was to assess the efficacy potential of an electromyographic biofeedback-assisted exercise programme on clinical and functional outcomes of hemiplegic patients in comparison with sham electromyographic biofeedback. Patients and methods: Thirty-four patients with hemiplegia were randomized into 2 groups. Both groups participated in an inpatient rehabilitation programme including exercise interventions and ambulation training 5 days a week for 2 weeks. Lower extremity exercises were performed via electromyographic biofeedback in Group 1 (n = 17), while a sham technique was used for patients in Group 2 (n = 17). Range of motion, spasticity, muscle strength, functional level and walking speed were assessed before and after treatment. Follow-up was performed at 1 and 3 months after treatment. Results: Significant improvements were found for range of motion, muscle strength, Barthel Index and 10-m walking time in both groups. Conclusion: This study suggests that exercise with or without electromyographic biofeedback is effective for improving clinical and functional parameters in hemiplegic patients. Larger studies are needed to determine whether electromyographic biofeedbackassisted exercises provide additional benefits.