Publication: Ömer en-Nesefî ve et-Teysîr fi't-tefsîr'i
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Çol, Muhammet
Advisor
Kaya, Remzi
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Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Bu tez, Ömer en-Nesefî'nin (537/1142) et-Teysîr fi't-tefsîr isimli eseri özelinde tefsirciliğinin çok boyutlu incelenmesini konu edinmektedir. Amacı müellifin tefsirciliğindeki temel unsurları çeşitli boyutlarıyla incelemek ve Teysîr'in yazımında farklı geleneklerin bilgi birikimini sentezleme girişimini sorgulamaktır. Bu amaç çerçevesinde Taberî, Mâtürîdî, Kuşeyrî, Sa'lebî, Vâhidî başta olmak üzere İbn Kuteybe, Abdülkâhir Cürcânî, Begavî, Râgıp el-Isfahânî, Zemahşerî, İbn Atiyye, Tabersî gibi isimler, karşılaştırma ve nedensellik ilişkilerini sentezlemek için seçilmiş olup gelenek incelemesi yapılmıştır. Bu bağlamda onun klasik dönem tefsir anlayışını sentezleme girişimindeki tahkik tavrında başarılı olup olmadığı çalışmanın temel problemlerinden biri olmuştur. Araştırma Nesefî'nin tefsirciliğini iç bütünlüğü, iç dinamikleri ve tarihi ilişkileri bağlamında ortaya koymayı hedeflemiştir. Müellifin farklı gelenekler arasındaki uzlaştırmacı tavrına vurgu yapılarak tahkik boyutunu gösteren rivayet, dil ve te'vil çizgileri arasındaki konumuna bakılmış, geleneğinde var olan tefsir yazım ihtiyacını giderdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu bağlamda üç bölümden oluşan tezin birinci bölümünde müfessiri daha iyi tanıyabilmek için biyografisi, Teysîr'in yapısal analizi, tefsir literatüründeki yeri ve onun temel bazı kavramlara yaklaşımı ortaya çıkarılmıştır. İkinci bölümde Teysîr, rivayet, dil ve te'vil (Kelam, Fıkıh ve Tasavvuf) konuları özelinde incelenerek Nesefî'nin tefsirciliği ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Üçüncü bölümde ise ulûmu'l-Kur'ân anlayışına bakılarak rivayet, dil ve te'vil boyutlu Kur'ân ilimlerinden bazıları analitik biçimde değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, Nesefî'nin tefsirciliğinin temelinde rivayet, dil ve te'vil olduğu kanaatine varılmıştır. Ulûmu'l-Kur'ân anlayışının temelinde de rivayet, dil ve te'vil konularının olduğu görülmüştür. Kuşeyrî ve Sa'lebî çizgisindeki irtibatlarıyla takipçisi olduğu Mâtürîdî tefsir anlayışına yeni bir soluk kazandırdığı fark edilmiştir. Temsilcisi olduğu geleneğin Hicri VI. asır ilim dünyası özelinde Ehl-i Hadis ve tasavvuf gelenekleriyle birleştiği iddiası tahlil edilmiş, müellifin kendine has bir üslupla özgün yaklaşım sergilediği anlaşılmıştır. Neticede bu araştırmayla müellifin tefsirciliği detaylı biçimde incelenmiş ve gelenekler arasında özgün yaklaşım sergilediği fark edilmiştir.
This thesis focuses on the multidimensional examination of 'Umar al-Nasafī's (537/1142) approach to exegesis, with his work called al-Taysīr fī al-Tafsīr at the center. The aim is to explore the fundamental elements of the author's exegetical work from various dimensions and to scrutinize his attempt to synthesize the knowledge from different traditions in the composition of his work. In this context, figures such as al-Tabarī, al-Māturīdī, al-Qushayrī, al-Tha'labī, el-Wâhıdî, Ibn Qutayba, ʿAbd al-Qāhir al-Jurjānī, al-Baghawī, al-Rāg̲hib al-Isfahānī, al-Zamakhsharī, Ibn 'Atiyya, and al-Tabarsī were selected for comparative and causal relationship synthesis within the tradition. The research aims to present al-Nasafī's Qurʾānic commentary in the context of its internal coherence, internal dynamics and historical relationships. Emphasis is placed on the reconciliatory approach of the author between different traditions, highlighting the dimension of scrutiny and examining his position among the lines of narration, language, and interpretation. It is concluded that his work fulfilled the need for commentary writing within his tradition. The thesis consists of three sections. In the first section, the biography of the commentator, the structural analysis of his book al-Taysīr, its place in the exegesis literature and its approach to some fundamental topics are revealed to understand the commentator in a better way. In the second section, al-Taysīr is examined with a focus on narration, language, and interpretation (Theology, Jurisprudence and Sufism), revealing al-Nasafī's approach to exegesis. In the third section, the understanding of the sciences of the Qurʾān (ʿUlūm al-Qurʾān) is analyzed and some aspects of these sciences related to narration, language and interpretation are evaluated analytically. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that narration, language and interpretation are the foundations of al-Nasafī's commentary. It is also observed that the understanding of ʿUlūm al-Qurʾān is based on the same topics. The study identifies that al-Nasafī's brought a fresh perspective to the Māturīdī exegesis tradition, particularly with his references to al-Kushayrī and al-Tha'labī. The claim that the tradition he represented merged with the traditions of Ahl al-Hadīth and Sufism within the 6th century Hijri Islamic scholarship is analyzed. The study demonstrates that the author exhibited an original approach with his unique style. In conclusion, this research thoroughly examines al-Nasafī's methodology of exegesis and highlights his distinctive approach among different traditions.
This thesis focuses on the multidimensional examination of 'Umar al-Nasafī's (537/1142) approach to exegesis, with his work called al-Taysīr fī al-Tafsīr at the center. The aim is to explore the fundamental elements of the author's exegetical work from various dimensions and to scrutinize his attempt to synthesize the knowledge from different traditions in the composition of his work. In this context, figures such as al-Tabarī, al-Māturīdī, al-Qushayrī, al-Tha'labī, el-Wâhıdî, Ibn Qutayba, ʿAbd al-Qāhir al-Jurjānī, al-Baghawī, al-Rāg̲hib al-Isfahānī, al-Zamakhsharī, Ibn 'Atiyya, and al-Tabarsī were selected for comparative and causal relationship synthesis within the tradition. The research aims to present al-Nasafī's Qurʾānic commentary in the context of its internal coherence, internal dynamics and historical relationships. Emphasis is placed on the reconciliatory approach of the author between different traditions, highlighting the dimension of scrutiny and examining his position among the lines of narration, language, and interpretation. It is concluded that his work fulfilled the need for commentary writing within his tradition. The thesis consists of three sections. In the first section, the biography of the commentator, the structural analysis of his book al-Taysīr, its place in the exegesis literature and its approach to some fundamental topics are revealed to understand the commentator in a better way. In the second section, al-Taysīr is examined with a focus on narration, language, and interpretation (Theology, Jurisprudence and Sufism), revealing al-Nasafī's approach to exegesis. In the third section, the understanding of the sciences of the Qurʾān (ʿUlūm al-Qurʾān) is analyzed and some aspects of these sciences related to narration, language and interpretation are evaluated analytically. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that narration, language and interpretation are the foundations of al-Nasafī's commentary. It is also observed that the understanding of ʿUlūm al-Qurʾān is based on the same topics. The study identifies that al-Nasafī's brought a fresh perspective to the Māturīdī exegesis tradition, particularly with his references to al-Kushayrī and al-Tha'labī. The claim that the tradition he represented merged with the traditions of Ahl al-Hadīth and Sufism within the 6th century Hijri Islamic scholarship is analyzed. The study demonstrates that the author exhibited an original approach with his unique style. In conclusion, this research thoroughly examines al-Nasafī's methodology of exegesis and highlights his distinctive approach among different traditions.
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Keywords
Ömer en-Nesefî, et-Teysîr fi’t-tefsîr, Mâtürîdî, Kuşeyrî, Sa‘lebî, Umar al-Nasafī, al-Taysīr fī al-Tafsīr, al-Māturīdī, al-Qushayrī, al-Tha‘labī
Citation
Çol, M. (2023). Ömer en-Nesefî ve et-Teysîr fi't-tefsîr'i. Yayınlanmamış doktora tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.