HALP score as a novel prognostic factor for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes

Abstract

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous spectrum of clonal hematopoietic disorders with varying degrees of cytopenia and morphologic dysplasia. The hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score is a prognostic marker in several types of malignant tumors. Prognostic value of HALP score remains unclear for MDS. To determine the prognostic value of baseline HALP score in MDS. We retrospectively analyzed data from 130 newly diagnosed MDS patients evaluated and classified under HALP score. By the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the optimal cut-off value of HALP was > 67.5 in predicting mortality. Patients were divided into two groups: with low and high HALP scores, and the characteristics were compared between both groups. Patients' median age was 68 (19-84) years, and 79 (60.8%) were male. Higher HALP score was detected in MDS patients with intermediate-risk under IPSS score, and at high and very high risks under IPSS-R score, and those receiving azacitidine (AZA) treatment. The survival rates of those with a HALP score > 67.5 were significantly lower than those with low HALP score at 17.77 +/- 3.98 (median +/- SE) (p < 0.001). The 3-, 5- and 10-years survival rates of individuals with HALP scores > 67.5 were found as 25, 18, and 11%, respectively. Median overall survival (OS) was also determined as 33.10 (95% CI 16.34-49.88) months by the Kaplan-Meier method. HALP score has shown an ability to be a useful prognostic biomarker in various cancers, including MDS. The meaningful cut-off value of HALP is disease-specific and largely study-specific. High HALP score is associated with unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics. Also, it may be useful in predicting OS and mortality of MDS.