System dynamics model and discrete-event simulation of green logistics cases for the electric bus industries

Abstract

Within the scope of this study, the effect of green logistics activities of companies that manufactures electric buses using system dynamics (SD) and discrete event simulation (DES) models were investigated. Hybrid research was carried out using Vensim (R) software for the SD model, whereas Arena (R) simulation was for the DES model. When the results are examined, milk-run applications can provide a >90% reduction to the company's scope 3 carbon emissions, while reverse logistics applications provide a 22% reduction. Additionally, 2% was found to be the influence of green logistics activities on the corporate carbon footprint of the electric bus company.