PANoptosis: A coordinated response in the diversity of cell death

Abstract

The recently introduced concept of PANoptosis describes a highly regulated mechanism involving the coordinated action of pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. However, none of these three types of cell death can explain this concept alone. PANoptosis is mediated by a structure called the PANoptosome. PANoptosome components can be formed in different ways according to triggers and receptor interactions. Therefore, stimulators and regulators become central to understanding the mechanism of PANoptosis. In this review, the mechanism of PANoptosis was summarized in general, and PANoptosome regulators in the literature were discussed collectively. We aimed to contribute to the possible therapeutic approaches.