Estimation of total bone length of the late Byzantine humerus

Abstract

Variables such as age, ethnicity, gender, and stature are the factors that reveal the biological and physical profile of the individual. Mathematical methods can be used to estimate the total height of the long limb bones. It is possible to shed light on different periods by revealing some anatomical and morphological bone features by using human bones from ancient times. For this purpose, after taking photographs of 96 humeri, which are all male and belonging to the late Byzantine period, measurements were made using ImageJ software and also some variables were measured using a caliper. For each bone, descriptive values were given, with the right and left sides separately. The directions and degrees of the relationship between the anatomical formations are determined and multiple regression formulas for the height estimation are produced by using these relations.