Yayın: Travmatik olmayan subaraknoid kanamalarda kullanılan skala ve skorların hastane yatış süresi ile mortaliteyi öngörmedeki etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi
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Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
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Bu çalışmada, travmatik olmayan subaraknoid kanama (SAK) tanısı almış hastalarda; klinik temelli Hunt-Hess ve WFNS (World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies), radyolojik temelli Fisher ve modifiye Fisher ile hem klinik hem de radyolojik parametreleri içeren kombine HAIR (Hunt-Hess, Age, Intraventricular hemorrhage, Rebleed) skorlama sistemlerinin hastane içi mortalite ile uzamış yoğun bakım ve hastane yatış süresi üzerindeki prognostik değerleri retrospektif karşılaştırmalı biçimde değerlendirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, acil servis pratiğinde hasta yönetimini en etkili şekilde yönlendirebilecek skorlama sisteminin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya, 1 Ocak 2019 – 1 Eylül 2024 tarihleri arasında Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Acil Tıp Anabilim Dalı’na başvuran veya dış merkezlerden ilk saatlerde sevk edilen, travmatik olmayan SAK tanısı almış 192 hasta dâhil edilmiştir. Ancak erken dönemde farklı merkezlere sevk edilip sonlanım bilgilerine ulaşılamayan 11 hasta dışlanarak, nihai analizler 181 hasta üzerinden yürütülmüştür. Her hasta için Hunt-Hess, WFNS, Fisher, modifiye Fisher ve HAIR skorları hesaplanmış; cerrahi ve endovasküler tedaviler, gelişen komplikasyonlar ve sonlanımlar kaydedilmiştir. Skorların prognostik gücü ROC eğrileriyle değerlendirilmiş; bu analizde mortalite öngörüsünde en yüksek AUC değeri Hunt-Hess (0,884), ardından WFNS (0,862) ve HAIR (0,845) skorlarına ait bulunmuştur. Uzamış yoğun bakım yatışı için Hunt-Hess (0,746) ve WFNS (0,733); uzamış hastane yatışı için ise modifiye Fisher (0,693) skoru öne çıkmıştır. Çok değişkenli analizde düşük GKS skoru, pnömoni gelişimi ve sistolik kan basıncının ≥160 mmHg olması mortaliteyle anlamlı ilişkili bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, elde edilen veriler; klinik pratikte özellikle mortalite riski değerlendirmesinde Hunt-Hess ve WFNS gibi klinik temelli sistemlerin öncelikli tercih edilebileceğini; uzamış yatış sürelerinin öngörüsünde ise modifiye Fisher ve HAIR gibi radyolojik veya kombine sistemlerin destekleyici olarak değerlendirilebileceğini düşündürmektedir.
This study retrospectively and comparatively evaluated the prognostic value of several scoring systems in patients diagnosed with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), including the clinically based Hunt-Hess and WFNS (World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies), the radiologically based Fisher and Modified Fisher, and the combined HAIR (Hunt-Hess, Age, Intraventricular hemorrhage, Rebleed) score, which incorporates both clinical and radiological parameters. The aim was to determine the most effective scoring tool to guide patient management in the emergency department setting. A total of 192 patients diagnosed with non-traumatic SAH between January 1, 2019 and September 1, 2024, either presenting directly to or referred within the first hours to the Emergency Department of Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, were included. However, 11 patients were excluded due to early transfer to other centers and lack of outcome data, resulting in a final analysis based on 181 patients. For each patient, Hunt-Hess, WFNS, Fisher, Modified Fisher, and HAIR scores were calculated. Data on surgical or endovascular interventions, complications, and clinical outcomes were recorded. The prognostic power of the scoring systems was evaluated using ROC curve analysis. In predicting inhospital mortality, the highest AUC was observed for Hunt-Hess (0.884), followed by WFNS (0.862) and HAIR (0.845). For predicting prolonged ICU stay (≥7 days), Hunt-Hess (0.746) and WFNS (0.733) performed best; for prolonged hospital stay (≥14 days), the Modified Fisher score had the highest AUC (0.693). In multivariate analysis, low Glasgow Coma Scale score, development of pneumonia, and systolic blood pressure ≥160 mmHg were found to be significantly associated with mortality. In conclusion, the findings suggest that clinically based scoring systems such as Hunt-Hess and WFNS may be primarily preferred for assessing mortality risk in clinical practice, while radiological or combined systems such as Modified Fisher and HAIR may serve a supportive role in predicting prolonged hospital or ICU stay.
This study retrospectively and comparatively evaluated the prognostic value of several scoring systems in patients diagnosed with non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), including the clinically based Hunt-Hess and WFNS (World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies), the radiologically based Fisher and Modified Fisher, and the combined HAIR (Hunt-Hess, Age, Intraventricular hemorrhage, Rebleed) score, which incorporates both clinical and radiological parameters. The aim was to determine the most effective scoring tool to guide patient management in the emergency department setting. A total of 192 patients diagnosed with non-traumatic SAH between January 1, 2019 and September 1, 2024, either presenting directly to or referred within the first hours to the Emergency Department of Bursa Uludağ University Faculty of Medicine, were included. However, 11 patients were excluded due to early transfer to other centers and lack of outcome data, resulting in a final analysis based on 181 patients. For each patient, Hunt-Hess, WFNS, Fisher, Modified Fisher, and HAIR scores were calculated. Data on surgical or endovascular interventions, complications, and clinical outcomes were recorded. The prognostic power of the scoring systems was evaluated using ROC curve analysis. In predicting inhospital mortality, the highest AUC was observed for Hunt-Hess (0.884), followed by WFNS (0.862) and HAIR (0.845). For predicting prolonged ICU stay (≥7 days), Hunt-Hess (0.746) and WFNS (0.733) performed best; for prolonged hospital stay (≥14 days), the Modified Fisher score had the highest AUC (0.693). In multivariate analysis, low Glasgow Coma Scale score, development of pneumonia, and systolic blood pressure ≥160 mmHg were found to be significantly associated with mortality. In conclusion, the findings suggest that clinically based scoring systems such as Hunt-Hess and WFNS may be primarily preferred for assessing mortality risk in clinical practice, while radiological or combined systems such as Modified Fisher and HAIR may serve a supportive role in predicting prolonged hospital or ICU stay.
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Konusu
Travmatik olmayan subaraknoid kanama, Skorlama sistemleri, Mortalite, Prognostik değerlendirme, Non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, Scoring systems, Mortality, Prognostic evaluation
