The distribution of epiphytic lichens on Uludag fir (Abies nordmanniana (Steven) Spach subsp. bornmuelleriana (Mattf.) Coode & Cullen) forests along an altitudinal gradient (Mt. Uludag, Bursa, Turkey)

Abstract

In this study forty six epiphytic lichen species were found on Uludag fir from five localities within an altitudinal range of 1500-1900 in in the Abietum zone on Mt. Uludag and were recorded. The most common species were Bryoria capillaris, B. fuscescens, Caloplaca herbidella, Hypogymnia tubulosa, Lecanosa saligna, Parimelia sulcata, Phyctis argena, and Pseudevernia furfuracea. The results indicate that the distribution and species composition of epiphytic lichens was related to altitude. Bacidia globulosa, Evernia prunastri, Phlyctis argena, Ramalina farinacea, Rinodina capensis, Usnea glabrescens and U. rigida were the characteristic species at 1500-1600 m. Arthonia mediella, Bryoria fuscescens, B. implexa, Buellia disciformis, B. griseovireus, Caloplaca herbidella, Lecanora saligna and Parmeliopsis ambigua were the characteristic species at 1700-1900 m. Altitude is one of the main factors controlling the diversity and distribution of epiphytic lichens oil Uludag fir on Mt. Uludag.