Difficulties in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of asthma in children

Abstract

Asthma, an inflammatory disease of the airways, is the most common chronic disease in childhood. Although pulmonary function tests are essential in the diagnosis it is difficult to perform it in children less than 5 years old. That is why a detailed medical history and a complete physical exam become crucial in this age group. The clinical response to common environmental allergens and nonspecific triggers such as viral infections, passive smoking or exercise are important findings for the diagnosis. Improvement of clinical findings in response to asthma treatment also supports for the diagnosis. Early treatment contributes to the better control of clinical signs.