Laparoscopic versus open radical cystectomy in the treatment of locally advanced T3 and T4 bladder cancer: Perioperative and Mid-term oncological outcomes

Abstract

Objective: In this study, we aim to compare the perioperative and midterm oncological outcomes in patients with advanced bladder cancer and those who had laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) and open radical cystectomy (ORC).Material and methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients who underwent LRC or ORC in a single center between 2008 and 2014 with a pathological diagnosis of pT3 and pT4 bladder cancer. Thirty-five and 39 patients were included in the study as part of the LRC and ORC groups, respectively.Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of disease-free survival (LRC, 39.8 +/- 4.86 months; ORC, 45.47 +/- 8.92 months, P=0.896). Average estimated blood loss and length of hospitalization were significantly less in the LRC group. The overall survival rates of patients at 1, 2, and 3 years were 73%, 46%, and 46% in the ORC group and 78%, 65%, and 40% in the LRC group, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. One patient in the ORC group experienced rectal injury in the form of a serosal tear, which was repaired primarily without any postoperative sequelae. There were no conversions in the laparoscopic group. Similarly, in 1 patient, rectal serosal tear was repaired preoperatively.Conclusion: Our study showed that LRC provides midterm oncological outcomes similar to ORC in the treatment of locally advanced T3 and T4 bladder cancer. However, long-term oncological and functional outcomes are required.