Obtaining the scientifically planned crop yields through applying agrophysical and agrochemical scientific base

Abstract

The paper deals with the application of recent top scientific attainments, which allow purposeful obtaining both the maximum and the reasonable crop yields. Maximum possible yield is necessary in plant genetic research to determine the yield genetically set in the new plant variety or hybrid. Practically reasonable crop yield is economically acceptable to be obtained in agricultural practices. For the first time, both new ecotechnology for monitoring, estimating and managing the water status (EMEMWS) and new scientific bridge between water and nutrient statuses (SBWNS) enable us to estimate and create appropriate conditions for different crops in each field. The EMEMWS is a Decision Support System (DSS) for precise management in agriculture. Its version for scientific research was checked. The version for friendly and easy application by farmers can be created as market tool product. Both scientific (EMEMWS and SBWNS) attainments are verified under field conditions. These are managing tools for obtaining planned amount and quality of crop yield in each agricultural field. Using it, the farmer saves energy (electrical, from fuel, etc.), irrigation water, nutrients for plant, and human labour in agricultural practices. This way, the farmer minimises or completely removes the losses of soluble substances, which pollute the surface and underground water and soil. The EMEMWS substitutes the periodical sampling for soil moisture determination and the use of other methods for local (point) measuring.