Publication: Hayvansal atıkların kompostlanması
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Çataltaş, Abdullah
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Alkan, Ufuk
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Uludağ Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Bu çalışmada, büyük baş hayvan atıklarının kullanım kapasitesinin artırılması amacıyla, Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi büyük baş hayvan çiftliklerinden alınan gübrelerin kompostlanabilirliği incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla toplanan hayvan gübrelerinin, öğütülmüş kuru çınar yaprağı, evsel nitelikli arıtma çamuru, öğütülmüş ayçiçeği sapı ve doğranmış yaş patates kabuğu ile kütlece farklı oranlarda karıştırılarak 30 litrelik reaktörlerde 21 gün süre ile kompostlanması incelenmiştir. Büyükbaş hayvan atığı, evsel nitelikli arıtma çamuru ve kuru çınar yaprağından oluşan karışıma karışım kütlesinin % 20 'si oranında patates kabuğu ilave edildiğinde kompostlama veriminin arttığı belirlenmiştir. Sıcaklık, termofilik fazda geçen süre, nihai C/N, (C/N)son/(C/N)başlangıç ve nitrifikasyon indeksi parametreleri incelendiğinde % 30 evsel nitelikli arıtma çamuru, % 50 gübre ve % 20 ayçiçeği sapı içeren karışımda en yüksek kompostlama verimi elde edilmiştir. Kompostun nem içeriği ve C/N oranına bağlı olarak reaktörlerdeki sıcaklıklarda farklılıklar gözlenmiştir. Sıcaklık değerleri ilk 5 gün boyunca mikrobiyal aktiviteden dolayı artış gösterirken daha sonraki zamanlarda sabitlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında kompostun sıcaklık, nem içeriği, UKM, pH, EC, C/N, TKN, NH4-N ve NO3-N parametreleri incelenmiştir.
In this study, compostability of animal manure collected from Agricultural Faculty of Uludağ University was investigated in order to increase utilization capacity of animal manure. The effect of various ratios of cattle manure, crushed dried oak leaves, sewage sludge, sun flower stalk and potato skin on composting efficiency was determined using 30 liter reactors operated for 21 days. It is determined that addition of potato skin into the mixture which was composed of cattle waste, crushed dried oak leaves, sewage sludge has increased composting efficiency. When the parameters such as temperature, termophilic phase duration, final C/N, (C/N)t/(C/N)initial parameters and nitrification index investigated, the compost mixture which has the ratio of 30% domestic sewage sludge, 50% manure and 20% sun flower stalks exhibited the best composting efficiency. Temperature of the reactors varied depending on humidity and C/N ratio of compost mixture. Temperature tended to increase during the first five days due to microbial activity while it remained constant during later days. Temperature, humidity, VSS, pH, EC, C/N, TKN, NH4-N and NO3-N parameters were measured throughout the study.
In this study, compostability of animal manure collected from Agricultural Faculty of Uludağ University was investigated in order to increase utilization capacity of animal manure. The effect of various ratios of cattle manure, crushed dried oak leaves, sewage sludge, sun flower stalk and potato skin on composting efficiency was determined using 30 liter reactors operated for 21 days. It is determined that addition of potato skin into the mixture which was composed of cattle waste, crushed dried oak leaves, sewage sludge has increased composting efficiency. When the parameters such as temperature, termophilic phase duration, final C/N, (C/N)t/(C/N)initial parameters and nitrification index investigated, the compost mixture which has the ratio of 30% domestic sewage sludge, 50% manure and 20% sun flower stalks exhibited the best composting efficiency. Temperature of the reactors varied depending on humidity and C/N ratio of compost mixture. Temperature tended to increase during the first five days due to microbial activity while it remained constant during later days. Temperature, humidity, VSS, pH, EC, C/N, TKN, NH4-N and NO3-N parameters were measured throughout the study.
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Keywords
Kompostlama, Hayvansal atık, Gübre, Arıtma çamuru, C/N oranı, Çınar yaprağı, Composting, Animal manure, Wastewater treatment plant sludge, C/N, Oak leaves
Citation
Çataltaş, A. (2013). Hayvansal atıkların kompostlanması. Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.