Publication: Coğrafi işaretlerin uygulama sürecine bir örnek: Mustafakemalpaşa peynir tatlısı
Date
Authors
Authors
Söyler, İrem
Advisor
Dokuzlu, Sertaç
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Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Dünyada her ülkede, yöresel ürünler bulunmaktadır. Bu ürünler kendi coğrafyalarından aldıkları özellikler ve benzer ürünlerden farklılıklarıyla zaman içerisinde belli bir üne kavuşmaktadır. Yöresel ürünler tüketiciler tarafından öncelikli olarak tercih edilmekte ve aynı zamanda katma değer yaratma potansiyelleri de yüksek olmaktadır. Pek çok tüketici yöresel ürünlere benzerlerinden daha fazla bedel ödemeye razıdırlar. Dolayısı ile zamanla bu ürünler, o yörede üretilmeyen benzer ürünlerin haksız rekabeti ile karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Söz konusu haksız rekabet ürünün ününe, kalitesine, üreticiye ve tüketiciye zarar vermektedir. Bu sebeple bu ürünler korunmalıdır. Yöresel ürünlerin korunması da sınai mülkiyet hakkı olan coğrafi işaretler ile yapılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda araştırmanın amacı coğrafi işaret tescil ve uygulama sürecini Mustafakemalpaşa tatlısı örneği ile incelemektir. Bu amaçla, Mustafakemalpaşa ilçesinde tatlı üretimi yapan 15 firmaya yarı-yapılandırılmış anket formu uygulanmış ve tescil ettiren kurum olan Mustafakemalpaşa Ticaret ve Sanayi Odası yetkilisi ile görüşme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre firmaların %86’sı coğrafi işaret hakkında bilgi sahibidir ve %80’i de ürettikleri tatlının hangi coğrafi işaret türüne sahip olduğunu bilmektedir. Firmaların %33’ü menşe adı ve mahreç işareti arasındaki farkın bilincindedir. Coğrafi işaret tescil belgesinin tüm içeriğini bilen firma yetkililerinin oranı ise %40’dır. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda denetim çalışmalarının çok önemli olduğu, denetim sonucunda tescil belgesinde eksikliklerin ortaya çıktığı ve bu eksikliklerin tescilin revizyonu ile giderildiği belirlenmiştir. Denetim çalışmaları sonucunda uygunsuzluk bulunan firmalara düzeltici faaliyet uygulanmış ve bu firmalar tekrar denetlenmiştir. Coğrafi işaret uygulamalarının en kritik hususlarından biri denetim olmakla birlikte, tanıtım çalışmalarının da büyük önem taşıdığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucuna göre, piyasada usulüne uygun Mustafakemalpaşa Tatlısı üretmeyen firmalara cezai müeyyide uygulanması ve coğrafi işaretli tatlının tanıtımının artırılması önemli iki husustur. Coğrafi işaret amblemi olan tatlıların perakende satış fiyatı coğrafi işaret kullanılmadan satılan tatlılara kıyasla yaklaşık %16 oranında daha fazladır.
There are local products in every country in the world. These products gain a certain reputation over time with the characteristics they take from their origin and their differences from similar products. Local products are primarily preferred by consumers and also have a high potential to create added value. Many consumers are willing to pay more for local products than their counterparts. Therefore, over time, these products face unfair competition from similar products that are not produced in that region. This unfair competition harms the reputation and quality of the product and producer and consumer as well. For this reason, these products should be protected. Geographical indications that is one of the industrial property rights protects the local products. The aim of the research is to examine the geographical indication registration and application process with the example of Mustafakemalpaşa Tatlısı. For this purpose, a semi-structured questionnaire form was applied to 15 companies producing desserts in Mustafakemalpaşa district and an interview was conducted with the authorized person of Mustafakemalpaşa Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the institution that registered the product. According to the findings, 86% of the companies have knowledge about geographical indications and 80% know which type of geographical indication the dessert they produce has. 33% of the companies are aware of the difference between the PDO and the PGI. The rate of company representatives who know the entire content of the geographical indication registration certificate is 40%. As a result of the research, it was determined that the audit studies were very important, deficiencies were revealed in the registration file as a result of the audit and that these deficiencies were remedied by revising the registration. As a result of the audit studies, corrective action was applied to the companies where noncompliance was found and these companies were re-audited. While auditing is one of the most critical issues of geographical indication implementation, it was determined that promotional activities are also of great importance. According to the results of the research, imposing penal sanctions on companies that do not produce Mustafakemalpaşa Tatlısı in accordance with the procedures in the market and increasing the promotion of GI desserts are two important issues. The retail sale price of desserts with geographical indication emblem is approximately 16% higher than desserts sold without geographical indication
There are local products in every country in the world. These products gain a certain reputation over time with the characteristics they take from their origin and their differences from similar products. Local products are primarily preferred by consumers and also have a high potential to create added value. Many consumers are willing to pay more for local products than their counterparts. Therefore, over time, these products face unfair competition from similar products that are not produced in that region. This unfair competition harms the reputation and quality of the product and producer and consumer as well. For this reason, these products should be protected. Geographical indications that is one of the industrial property rights protects the local products. The aim of the research is to examine the geographical indication registration and application process with the example of Mustafakemalpaşa Tatlısı. For this purpose, a semi-structured questionnaire form was applied to 15 companies producing desserts in Mustafakemalpaşa district and an interview was conducted with the authorized person of Mustafakemalpaşa Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the institution that registered the product. According to the findings, 86% of the companies have knowledge about geographical indications and 80% know which type of geographical indication the dessert they produce has. 33% of the companies are aware of the difference between the PDO and the PGI. The rate of company representatives who know the entire content of the geographical indication registration certificate is 40%. As a result of the research, it was determined that the audit studies were very important, deficiencies were revealed in the registration file as a result of the audit and that these deficiencies were remedied by revising the registration. As a result of the audit studies, corrective action was applied to the companies where noncompliance was found and these companies were re-audited. While auditing is one of the most critical issues of geographical indication implementation, it was determined that promotional activities are also of great importance. According to the results of the research, imposing penal sanctions on companies that do not produce Mustafakemalpaşa Tatlısı in accordance with the procedures in the market and increasing the promotion of GI desserts are two important issues. The retail sale price of desserts with geographical indication emblem is approximately 16% higher than desserts sold without geographical indication
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Keywords:
Keywords
Coğrafi işaret, Mahreç işareti, Denetim, Tatlı, Sanayi ve ticaret odası, Sürdürülebilirlik, Geographical indication, PGI, Dessert, Chamber of industry and commerce, Sustainability