Co-loading of Temozolomide with Oleuropein or rutin into polylactic acid core-shell nanofiber webs inhibit glioblastoma cell by controlled release

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GB) has susceptibility to post-surgical recurrence. Therefore, local treatment methods are required against recurrent GB cells in the post-surgical area. In this study, we developed a nanofiber-based local therapy against GB cells using Oleuropein (OL), and rutin and their combinations with Temozolomide (TMZ). The polylactic acid (PLA) coreshell nanofiber webs were encapsulated with OL (PLA(OL)), rutin (PLA(rutin)), and TMZ (PLA(TMZ)) by an electrospinning process. A SEM visualized the morphology and the total immersion method determined the release characteristics of PLA webs. Real-time cell tracking analysis for cell growth, dual Acridine Orange/Propidium Iodide staining for cell viability, a scratch wound healing assay for migration capacity, and a sphere formation assay for tumor spheroid aggressiveness were used. All polymeric nanofiber webs had core -shell structures with an average diameter between 133 +/- 30.7-139 +/- 20.5 nm. All PLA webs promoted apoptotic cell death, suppressed cell migration, and spheres growth (p < 0.0001). PLA(OL) and PLA(TMZ) suppressed GB cell viability with a controlled release that increased over 120 h, while PLA(rutin) caused rapid cell inhibition (p < 0.0001). Collectively, our findings suggest that core-shell nanowebs could be a novel and effective therapeutic tool for the controlled release of OL and TMZ against recurrent GB cells.