Enhancing mechanical properties of glass-ionomer cement with hemp fiber: A sustainable approach for dental restorations

Abstract

BackgroundA novel approach to enhancing the mechanical properties of glass-ionomer cement (GIC) may incorporate natural fiber. This study aims to evaluate the effects of raw and pure hemp fiber additions on the flexural strength (FS) and surface roughness (SR) properties of glass-ionomer cement (GIC).MethodsHemp fibers sourced from the local population were harvested, dried, and separated, then prepared in raw and pure forms to assess their impact on the FS and surface roughness of GIC. Synthesized GICs dopped raw and pure hemp fiber were characterized using SEM and EDX for morphological and elemental analysis. The mechanical features of GICs were measured using an FS and SR testing apparatus.ResultsRaw hemp fibers, known for their sustainability and mechanical resilience, showed significant enhancements in FS, particularly at 1% addition. High FS and SR values using pure fibers at 1% and 3% concentrations were due to improving fiber-matrix interactions, reducing the cracks on GICs. SEM analysis of fracture surfaces supported these findings, showing fiber reinforcement at crack lines.ConclusionThis approach offers a promising, eco-friendly, cost-effective alternative for dental restorations, combining mechanical durability and surface quality. These results highlight the potential of hemp fiber-reinforced GIC in advancing sustainable, restorative materials in dentistry.