Ag decorated V₂O₅ electrodes as a promising option for electrochromic, photovoltaic, and energy-saving applications

Abstract

This study reports the fabrication of electrochromic Ag decorated V2O5 thin film by thermal evaporation method at 10- 5 torr vacuum medium and the effects of the Ag doping to the V2O5 matrix. Besides, the electrochromic capabilities and energy-saving characteristics of the films are also in the scope of this study. Structural and morphological properties are investigated by XRD, FESEM, and AFM. The films have a polycrystalline structure and a porous surface. FTIR and Raman spectra verify the molecular formation of the films. The performance of the electrochromic films is characterized by a variety of techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, chronocolumetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The color of the films changes from yellow to green and then from green to blue in the range of -1.2 and + 1.0 V vs Ag/AgCl with a reversibility of 92.9 %. With the response times of tb = 13.6 s and tc = 9.4 s, an optical modulation of 51.7 % (from yellow to blue), and a coloration efficiency of 93.7 cm2 C- 1, Ag:V2O5 becomes an impressive electrochromic material produced by physical methods. Linear sweep voltammetry studies show that the photocurrent of both V2O5/ITO and Ag:V2O5/ITO electrodes increases under solar illumination. The supercapacitive performance of the film is investigated by cyclic voltammetry, and Ag:V2O5 is an encouraging electrode material with a specific capacitance of 720.9 F g- 1 at 5 mV s- 1 scan rate. An equivalent circuit is fitted from the film Nyquist data and the results also confirm the positive contribution of Ag doping on the response times, energy saving, and photoresponse of V2O5 thin film. In this regard, the produced electrodes are highly promising for potential applications in electrochromic, energy storage, and photovoltaic devices.