Publication: Bursa bölgesinde subklinik ve klinik mastitisli sığırlarda Staphylococcus türlerinin antibiyotik direnç profillerinin fenotipik ve bazı moleküler yöntemlerle belirlenmesi
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Authors
Authors
Beker, Selda
Advisor
Demirbilek, Serpil Kahya
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Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Bu çalışma, sütçü sığırlarda subklinik ve klinik mastitise sebep olarak önemli kayıplara yol açan Stafilokok türlerini izole ve identifiye etmek, Metisilin Dirençli Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) varlığı ve oranını belirlemek, izole edilen Stafilokok türlerinin antibiyotik duyarlılıklarının ve bazı virülens genlerinin fenotipik ve genotipik yöntemlerle belirlenmesini sağlamak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla, farklı çiftliklerden toplanan 350 adet süt örneğinden tuz zenginleştirme kültürü yöntemiyle 204 Stafilokok izolatı elde edilmiş ve bunlar BD Phoenix™100 ve Matris destekli lazer desorpsiyon/ iyonizasyon uçuş zamanı kütle spektrometrisi (MALDI-TOF MS) cihazı ile de Staphylococcus spp. olarak tanımlanmıştır. MALDI-TOF MS ile izolatların 119'unun tür düzeyinde ve 85'inin cins düzeyinde doğru bir şekilde tanımlandığı belirlenmiştir. Tanımlanan izolatların %47,5’inin (97) klinik ve %52,4’ünün (107) subklinik mastitise sebep olduğu tespit edilmiştir. BD Phoenix™100, izolatların %100'ünü Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (39/39) olarak tanımlarken buna karşılık, MALDI-TOF MS, izolatların %94,8'ini S. aureus olarak tanımlamıştır (37/39). S. aureus izolatlarının spa %83,7 (31/37) ve nuc %86,4 (32/37) genlerini taşıyıp taşımadıkları PCR ile doğrulanmıştır. Yine PCR yöntemini kullanarak beta-laktam antibiyotik direncine (beta-laktamaz-penisilinaz) sebep olan genler, mecA %0,9 (2/204) ve blaZ %17,6 (36/204) başarıyla tespit edilmiş ancak izolatların hiçbirinde mecC ve Panton-Valentine Lökosidin (PVL) genlerine rastlanmamıştır. İzolatlar en yüksek direnci %53,9 ile ampisilin ve %52,4 ile penisiline gösterirken, toplam %18,6 (38/204) izolat çoklu ilaca dirençli (Multi-drug Resistance (MDR)) olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. MALDI-TOF-MS'den elde edilen sonuçlar, istatistiksel analizle doğrulandığı üzere, BD Phoenix™100'den elde edilen bulgularla %41,7'lik bir uyum oranı göstermiştir (p <0.001). Bu uyum düzeyi, iki yöntem arasında önemli oranda bir farklılık olduğunu göstermektedir.
This study aimed to isolate and identify Staphylococcus species causing significant losses due to subclinical and clinical mastitis in dairy cattle, determine the presence and rate of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and phenotypically and genotypically determine the antibiotic susceptibility and some virulence genes of the isolated Staphylococcus species. For this purpose, 204 Staphylococcus isolates were obtained from 350 milk samples collected from different farms using the salt enrichment culture method, and these were identified as Staphylococcus spp. with BD Phoenix™100 and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). It was determined that 119 of the isolates were correctly identified at the species level and 85 at the genus level by MALDI-TOF MS. It was found that 47.5% (97) of the identified isolates caused clinical mastitis, and 52.4% (107) caused subclinical mastitis. BD Phoenix™100 identified 100% (39/39) and MALDI-TOF MS identified 94.8% (37/39) of the isolates as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The presence of spa 83.7% (31/37) and nuc 86.4% (32/37) genes in S. aureus isolates was confirmed by PCR. Again, using the PCR method, genes causing beta-lactam antibiotic resistance (beta-lactamase-penicillinase), mecA 0.9% (2/204), and blaZ 17.6% (36/204) were successfully detected, but mecC and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) genes were not found in any of the isolates. The isolates showed the highest resistance to ampicillin at 53.9% and penicillin at 52.4%, while a total of 18.6% (38/204) of the isolates were classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR). The results obtained from MALDI-TOF-MS showed a 41.7% agreement rate with the findings obtained from BD Phoenix™100 (p <0.001), as confirmed by statistical analysis. This level of agreement indicates a significant difference between the two methods.
This study aimed to isolate and identify Staphylococcus species causing significant losses due to subclinical and clinical mastitis in dairy cattle, determine the presence and rate of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and phenotypically and genotypically determine the antibiotic susceptibility and some virulence genes of the isolated Staphylococcus species. For this purpose, 204 Staphylococcus isolates were obtained from 350 milk samples collected from different farms using the salt enrichment culture method, and these were identified as Staphylococcus spp. with BD Phoenix™100 and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). It was determined that 119 of the isolates were correctly identified at the species level and 85 at the genus level by MALDI-TOF MS. It was found that 47.5% (97) of the identified isolates caused clinical mastitis, and 52.4% (107) caused subclinical mastitis. BD Phoenix™100 identified 100% (39/39) and MALDI-TOF MS identified 94.8% (37/39) of the isolates as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The presence of spa 83.7% (31/37) and nuc 86.4% (32/37) genes in S. aureus isolates was confirmed by PCR. Again, using the PCR method, genes causing beta-lactam antibiotic resistance (beta-lactamase-penicillinase), mecA 0.9% (2/204), and blaZ 17.6% (36/204) were successfully detected, but mecC and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) genes were not found in any of the isolates. The isolates showed the highest resistance to ampicillin at 53.9% and penicillin at 52.4%, while a total of 18.6% (38/204) of the isolates were classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR). The results obtained from MALDI-TOF-MS showed a 41.7% agreement rate with the findings obtained from BD Phoenix™100 (p <0.001), as confirmed by statistical analysis. This level of agreement indicates a significant difference between the two methods.
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Keywords
Staphylococcus spp., mecA, Beta-laktamaz direnci, MRSA, MALDI-TOFF-MS, PCR, Beta-lactamase resistance