Publication: Melezleme ıslahı ile elde edilen asma genotiplerinin önemli kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi
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Authors
Akgün, Melek
Advisor
Atak, Arif
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Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Dünya sofralık üzüm yetiştiriciliğinin önde gelen ülkelerinden biri olan Türkiye değişen tüketici ve pazar taleplerine uygun, dış pazarlarda rekabet edebilecek kalitede üzüm çeşidine sahip olmadığından farklı ıslah programları sürdürülmektedir. Bu ıslah çalışmalarında özellikle çekirdeksiz, sert meyve etli, iri taneli, kendine özgü aromalı, fenolik içeriği zengin ve mümkünse hastalıklara daha dayanıklı üzüm çeşitleri geliştirilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada da öncelikli hedeflere uygun melezleme çalışmalarından elde edilen farklı ebeveynlere sahip 89 melez genotipin temel kalite özellikleri değerlendirilmiş ve ön eleme aşamasını geçenler belirlenmiştir. Özellikle duyusal (degüstasyon) panelinden elde edilen puanlar temelinde yaklaşık 30 kalite kriteri değerlendirilerek 14 melez genotip diğerlerine göre üstün özellikleri nedeniyle seçilmişlerdir. Bunlar arasında farklı ebeveynlere sahip ve çekirdeksiz olan 22BY-097, 14KS-03, 18BK-02 ve 22BY-044 genotipleri en yüksek puan alan melez genotipler olmuştur. Yüksek puanlı melez genotiplerin tescil için uygunluklarını belirlemek üzere bir sonraki aşamada farklı lokasyonlarda tekerrürlü olarak verim ve kalite değerlendirmelerinin yapılması planlanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla edilen sonuçların doğruluğu ve tutarlılığı teyit edilecektir. Daha sonra en üstün özellikleri taşıyan genotipler tescil edilerek sofralık üzüm çeşit havuzuna aktarılacaktır.
Turkey, one of the leading countries in the world in table grape production, does not have grape varieties suitable for changing consumer and market demands and can compete in foreign markets; therefore, different breeding programs are being carried out. In these breeding studies, grape varieties are being developed, especially seedless, crunchy, large-berry, distinctively aromatic, rich in phenolic content and, if possible, more disease-resistant. This study evaluated the basic quality characteristics of 89 hybrid genotypes with different parents obtained from hybridization studies suitable for the priority targets, and those that passed the pre-selection stage were determined. Approximately 30 quality criteria were evaluated based on the scores obtained from the sensory (degustation) panel in particular, and 14 hybrid genotypes were selected due to their superior characteristics compared to others. Among these, 22BY-097, 14KS-03, 18BK-02 and 22BY-044 genotypes with different parents and seedless were the hybrid genotypes with the highest scores. To determine the suitability of hybrid genotypes with high registration scores, repeated yield and quality assessments in different locations are planned for the next stage. So, the accuracy and consistency of the results obtained will be confirmed. Then, the genotypes with the best characteristics will be registered and transferred to table grape growers. In this way, table grape growers can earn more income from quality varieties with superior characteristics.
Turkey, one of the leading countries in the world in table grape production, does not have grape varieties suitable for changing consumer and market demands and can compete in foreign markets; therefore, different breeding programs are being carried out. In these breeding studies, grape varieties are being developed, especially seedless, crunchy, large-berry, distinctively aromatic, rich in phenolic content and, if possible, more disease-resistant. This study evaluated the basic quality characteristics of 89 hybrid genotypes with different parents obtained from hybridization studies suitable for the priority targets, and those that passed the pre-selection stage were determined. Approximately 30 quality criteria were evaluated based on the scores obtained from the sensory (degustation) panel in particular, and 14 hybrid genotypes were selected due to their superior characteristics compared to others. Among these, 22BY-097, 14KS-03, 18BK-02 and 22BY-044 genotypes with different parents and seedless were the hybrid genotypes with the highest scores. To determine the suitability of hybrid genotypes with high registration scores, repeated yield and quality assessments in different locations are planned for the next stage. So, the accuracy and consistency of the results obtained will be confirmed. Then, the genotypes with the best characteristics will be registered and transferred to table grape growers. In this way, table grape growers can earn more income from quality varieties with superior characteristics.
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Keywords
Sofralık üzüm, Melezleme, Çekirdeksiz, Toplam fenolik, Antioksidan aktivite, Degüstasyon paneli, Genotip, Islah, Table grape, Hybridization, Seedless, Total phenolic, Antioxidant activity, Degustation panel, Genotyp, Breeding